Acute Limb Ischaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What is Acute Limb Ischaemia?
A
- sudden decrease in blood supply resulting in ischaemic injury to the lower limbs
2
Q
What causes ALI?
A
- Progressive thrombosis, plaque rupture
- Embolism
- Trauma
- Compartment syndrome
- Aortic dissection
- Popliteal aneurysm thrombosis
- Iatrogenic (complication of surgery)
- Phlegmasia cerulea dolen
3
Q
How does plaque rupture cause ALI?
A
- Cap of thrombus rupture
- Rough thrombogenic surface exposed
- Rapid thrombus progression
4
Q
What are the RF for ALI?
A
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Age
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Obesity
5
Q
What are the clinical features of ALI?
*6Ps
A
- Pain
- Pallor
- Pulseless
- Perishingly cold
- Paraesthesia
- Paralysis
6
Q
What classification is used for ALI?
A
Rutherford classification
7
Q
Describe the Rutherford classification for ALI
A
8
Q
What Ix would you order for ALI?
A
- DUS
- CT Angio
- Digital Subtraction Angiography
9
Q
How would you mx ALI?
A
Initial
- Analgesia
- Heparin
- Refer to vascular centre
Rutherford 1
- catheter-directed thrombolysis, embolectomy or bypass
Rutherford 2
- embolectomy or bypass
Rutherford 3
- amputation
