Acute Kidney Injury

Question 1

How is acute kidney injury defined?

Answer 1

• Increase in creatinine by 26.5 micromol/L within 48 hours
  OR
  >1.5x baseline serum creatinine

Question 2

What are the stages of acute kidney injury?

Answer 2

Values are for serum creatinine
- AKI 1: 1.5-1.9x baseline, >26.5 micromol/L increase

• AKI 2: 2-2.9x baseline
• AKI 3: 3x baseline, >354micromol/L increase

Question 3

What are some complications associated with acute kidney injury? What conditions may these lead to?

Answer 3

Acidosis - cardiac arrest
Hyperkalaemia - cardiac arrest
Toxin build up - respiratory and then cardiac arrest
Fluid overload - pulmonary oedema and cardiac arrest

Question 4

What are some causes of acute kidney injury?

Answer 4

• Glomerulonephritis
• Vasculitis
• Myeloma
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Kidney stones
• Cardiac failure