Acute Kidney Injury

Question 1

Define Acute Kidney Injury (Acute Renal Failure/Acute Kidney Failure)

Answer 1

acute onset of days to weeks with:

• increase Cr
• decrease Uvol

Question 2

AKI can have up to a ______ mortality rate

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

What’s a good way of deterring whether or not this is acute on chronic or simply acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Answer 3

Try to obtain a Cr from at least 3 months ago to determine whether this is chronic or not

Question 4

Pre-renal meaning “before the kidney,” injury can be caused by such things as ischemia, dehydration, and _______

Answer 4

NSAIDS

Question 5

What are vascular effects that are intrinsic or “intrarenal” causative agents for AKI?

Answer 5

1. Vasculitis/Rheumatologic
2. Malignant HTN
3. TTP-HUS

Question 6

What are tubulointerstitial causes of AKI?

Answer 6

1. Sepsis and Infection
2. Exogenous Nephrotoxins (DO instigated):

• iodine contrast
• aminoglycosides, amphotericin B
• Cisplatin
• PPI’s
• NSAIDS

Question 7

What are the endogenous nephrotoxins that can cause AKI?

Answer 7

1. Rhabdomyolysis (myoglobin)
   * ​ex. Runners, muscle breakdown
2. myeloma
3. hemolysis
4. intratubular crystals

Question 8

What are post renal causes of AKI?

Answer 8

1. Bladder outlet obstruction
2. bilateral pelvoureteral obstruction

Question 9

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