acute intersitial nephritis Flashcards
what is AIN?
renal lesion that causes a decline in renal function and is characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate in the kidney intersititum
what is the most common cause of AIN
drugs: abx (PCN, cephalosporins, rifampin, cipro, diuretics, allopurila)
PPI, mesalamine, NSAIDs
what are some infections that are asoociated with AIN?
egionella, Leptospira, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Streptococcus.
what are autoimmune disorders that have been associated with AIN?
sarcoidosis, Sjogren’s, SLE, granulomatosis
how do patients present with AIN?
nonspecific signs and sx associated with AKI:
rash, fever, eosinophilia,
what are lab findings?
present with rise in Cr
when should you expect AIN?
elevated serum Cr and UA with white cell casts, eosinophiluria
how is AIN dx made?
bx
tx of AIN?
can improve spontaneously; remove offending agent
glomerulonephritis
damage of renal glomeruli by depostion of inflammatory proteins in the glomerular membranes as a immunologic response
what population is most likely to get GN?
children 2-12 yo
how are the causes of GN divided?
focal GN: involvment of less than half of the golmerula
and diffuse: most all glomeruli
what are clinical features of GN?
hematuria; urine is often tea or cola colored
+oliguria or anurai
+edema of hands and face in am, LE at night
what are dx studies that can be done for GN?
Antitreptolysin-O titer (think if possiblity of streptococcal infection)
renal bx can be done to dertermin exact dx or severity of dz
what can ua reveal in GN?
hematuria;
RBC will be misshapened (acanthocytes) due to passage through glomerulus as opposed to normal shaped RBC that may mean bleeding fro bladder or urethra
