Acute Inflammation Flashcards
Causes of acute
inflammation
- Microorganisms
- Mechanical
- Chemical
- Physical
- Dead tissue
- Hypersensitivity
Benefits of acute
inflammation
- rapid response
- loss of function protecting inflamed area
- localise process
- organism destruction
What enables the process of acute inflammation to be localised
plasma proteins
what is the role of neutrophils in acute inflammation
non-specific immune response resulting in destruction of organisms, and denaturing of antigens
describe the sequence of microvascular change
Flush –> Flare –> Wheal
- transient arteriolar constriction
- local arteriolar dilation
- relaxation of vessel smooth muscle
Exudation
Increased permeability enabling the net movement of plasma from capillaries to extravascular space
what leaks from an organism during acute inflammation?
exudate - a fluid rich in protein
what is the cause of swelling of tissue during acute inflammation?
exudation results in oedema, an accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space
local effects of acute inflammation
- redness
- heat
- swelling
- pain
- loss of function
systemic effects acute inflammation
- fever/pyrexia
- leucocytosis
- vascular changes
- feel unwell
- neutrophilia
neutrophilia
increased neutrophil count
leucocytosis
raised white blood cell count
complications of acute inflammation
- destruction of normal tissues
- swelling
- inappropriate inflammatory response e.g. hay fever
what is the role of mediators in acute inflammation?
a messenger that acts on a cell to contribute to an inflammatory response
what are some of the mediator provoked responses initiated in acute inflammation?
- vasodilation and constriction
- altered permeability
- itching and pain
- neutrophil adhesion
