Acute Inflammation Flashcards
Which is NOT a major component of acute inflammation?
a) constriction of small vessels
b) increased permeability of vessels
c) emigration of leukocytes
d) accumulation of leukocytes in tissue
a) During acute inflammation, the small vessels DILATE
Which of the following is the correct sequence of a leukocyte’s journey from the blood to the tissue?
a) blood, margination, adhesion, rolling, migration across endothelium, migration in tissues towards chemotactic stimulus
b) blood, margination, rolling, adhesion, migration across endothelium, migration in tissues towards chemotactic stimulus
c) blood, rolling, margination, adhesion, migration across endothelium, migration in tissues towards chemotactic stimulus
d) blood, rolling, adhesion, margination, migration across endothelium, migration in tissues towards chemotactic stimulus
b) blood, margination, rolling, adhesion, migration across endothelium, migration in tissues towards chemotactic stimulus
Which of the following is TRUE regarding selectins?
a) sialylated oligosaccharides bound to mucin-like glycoprotein backbones
b) expression regulated by cytokines produced in response to infection/injury
c) mediates FIRM adhesion
d) E-selectin is expressed on leukocytes
b) also pertains to ligands; Ex. mast cells & macrophages secrete TNF, IL-1, & chemokines
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a) pertains to ligands
c) pertains to integrins; selectins mediate initial adhesion
d) E-selectin is expressed on endothelium; L-selectin expressed on leukocytes; P-selectin expressed on platelets AND endothelium
Which of the following is TRUE?
a) LFA-1 is expressed on monocytes and dendritic cells and binds to ligands on the endothelium.
b) CD31 (an integrin) is expressed on endothelial cells & leukocytes and binds to ligands on the endothelium.
c) Integrin MAC-1 is expressed on the endothelium and binds to ligands on neutrophils, monocytes, and T-cells.
d) L-selectin is expressed on neutrophils, monocytes, T-cells, & naïve B-cells and binds to variety of ligands on the endothelium.
d) L-selectin is expressed on neutrophils, monocytes, T-cells, & naïve B-cells and binds to variety of ligands on the endothelium.
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a) LFA-1 is expressed on NEUTROPHILS, MONOCYTES, and T-CELLS and binds to ligands on the endothelium.
b) CD31 (an IG) is expressed on endothelial cells & leukocytes and binds to CD31 (a homotypic interaction).
c) Integrin MAC-1 is expressed on MONOCYTES and DENDRITIC CELLS and binds to ligands on the endothelium.
Which of the following is NOT true about inflammatory mediators?
a) produced in short bursts
b) have short half-lives
c) persist long term after release
d) inflammatory process triggers stop signals
c) inflammatory mediators are degraded after release
What has the richest source of histamine?
a) basophils
b) mast cells
c) platelets
d) endothelium
b) mast cells
Which of the following is NOT true regarding cyclooxygenases?
a) COX-1 is produced in response to inflammatory stimuli
b) COX-1 is expressed in most tissues
c) COX-2 has many homeostatic functions
d) COX-2 generates prostoglandins in inflammatory rxn
c) COX-1 has many homeostatic functions. COX-2 is low or absent in most tissue.
Which of the following is an exogenous chemoattactant for leukocytes?
a) C5a
b) leukotriene B4
c) IL-1
d) N-formylmethionine terminal amino acid
d) This molecule is a bacterial product.
Select the TRUE statement.
a) Acid proteases in neutrophils degrade various extracellular components (i.e., collagen, basement membrane).
b) Lysozyme hydrolyzes muramic acid-N-acetylglucosamine bond in glycopeptide coat of bacteria.
c) Neutral proteases degrade bacteria & debris within phagolysosomes.
d) Lactoferrin degrades virulence factors of bacteria.
b )
a) Acid proteases in neutrophils degrade bacteria & debris within phagolysosomes (acidified w/membrane-bound protein pump).
c) Neutral proteases degrade extracellular components.
d) Lactoferrin binds iron.
