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AB 4th Year Acute Care + Anaesthetics > Acute Care - Toxins + Ventilation > Flashcards

Acute Care - Toxins + Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

what is an overdose of paracetamol classified as?

A

150mg/kg

so usually >12g/day

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2
Q

what are features of opiod overdose?

A

pinpoint pupils
low RR
decreased consciousness

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3
Q

what is an overdose of TCAs classified as?

A

10mg/kg

20-30mg/kg is lethal

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4
Q

features of TCA overdose?

A 
warm skin 
brisk reflexes
sedation
urinary retention
pupils poorly reactive and dilated
(anticholinergic - sympathetic)
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5
Q

Ix for suspected overdose?

A 
ABCDE
FBC, U+Es, LFTs, coag
BM
ECG
weight
ABGs
serum conc (known toxin)
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6
Q

Tx for TCA overdose?

A

IV sodium bicarbonate

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7
Q

Tx for opiod overodse?

A

naloxone

short half life so repeat dose every 30ish mins

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8
Q

Tx for paracetamol overdose?

A

IV N acetylcysteine (within 8hrs of dose)

after 4 hrs -> check paracetamol and salicylate levels

after 8hrs -> check again

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9
Q

what can be done if toxin ingested within 1hr?

A

charcoal decontamination

IV fluids

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10
Q

what is the Tx for benzos?

A

flumazenil

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11
Q

features of aspirin overdose?

A

tinnitus
vomiting
dehydrated
hyperventilation

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12
Q

Tx for Bb overdose?

A

glucagon

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13
Q

Tx for aspirin overdose?

A 
supportive
charcoal
fluids <400
sodium bicarbonate >400
haemodialysis >700
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14
Q

features of salbutamol overdose?

A 
agitated
tremor
tachy
palps
hypokalaemia
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15
Q

features of CO poisoning

A 
headache
malaise
nausea
vomiting 
erythema
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16
Q

anti freeze Ix and Tx of overdose?

A 
osmol gap (on serum osmolality)
alcohol + fomepizole
17
Q

what are cholinergic side effects? what causes these?

A 
miosis
lacrimation
drooling 
weakness
bronchospams
bradycardic

pesticides

18
Q

what are anticholinergic side effects? what causes these?

A 
mydriasis
flushes
dysarthria 
HR, RR and BP increase
dry
retention

TCA overdose

19
Q

what are sympathomimetic (stimulant) side effects?

A

mydriasis
increased HR, RR, BP
sweating

20
Q

what is CPAP?

A

one continuous airway pressure (helps oxygenation)

21
Q

what is NIV?

A

two levels of continuous airway pressure

helps ventilation

22
Q

what ventilation is used in type I RF?

A

CPAP

23
Q

what ventilation is used in type II RF?

A

NIV

24
Q

where is perfusion better in the lungs?

A

base

25
Q

where is ventilation better in the lungs?

A

top

26
Q

what is a shunt?

A

where there is more perfusion than ventilation

27
Q

what is dead space in the lungs?

A

more ventilation than perfusion in an area of the lungs

28
Q

in an MI, who should get oxygen?

A

if sats are above 94% no oxygen is required

29
Q

what are ECG features of TCA overdose?

A

sinus tachy
broad QRS
long QT

30
Q

features of a cholinergic toxidrome? causes?

A

pesticides

pin point pupils
salivation
warm
runny nose/crying/urinating 
bradycardia

AB 4th Year Acute Care + Anaesthetics (8 decks)

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