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Module 1 > Acute Care Equipment > Flashcards

Acute Care Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Pulse Oximetry

A

Assess O2 saturation- usually goes on finger

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2
Q

What percentage of O2 is room air?

A

21% O2

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3
Q

Nasal Cannula (NC)

A

Low flow O2 system, increases O2 concentration patient breathes in

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4
Q

FiO2 % with NC: 1 L/min through 6 L/min

A

1 L/min: 24%
2 L/min: 28%
3 L/min: 32%
4 L/min: 36%
5 L/min: 40%
6 L/min: 44%

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5
Q

High flow nasal cannula (HFNC)

A

Best for patients needing greater than 6 L/min NC. Highest O2% is 75% FiO2 at 15 L/min. This one is more comfortable than mask, can eat/drink/talk easier

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6
Q

Oxymizer

A

Specialized NC with O2 reservoir conserving O2. Uses 25-75% less O2. Good for at home use

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7
Q

FiO2% ranges with oxymizer: 1 L/min through 12 L/min

A

1 L/min: 28%
2 L/min: 32%
4 L/min: 41%
8 L/min: 64%
12 L/min: 82%

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8
Q

Face mask

A

Provides O2 concentration of about 35-55%. To determine FiO2 the patient is receiving, check the dial

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9
Q

Venturi system

A

O2 system providing more specific O2 concentration than other devices, easy for mobilizing patients. FiO2 from Venturi is 24-50%

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10
Q

Non-rebreather mask (partial NRB)

A

Mask with O2 reservoir (bag) providing higher FiO2 percentage. Used temporarily when patient is in acute distress. Must have greater than 6L to avoid inhaling CO2.

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11
Q

Tracheostomy tube

A

Provide an artificial airway in the trachea to aid in ventilation and secretion management

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12
Q

Passy muir speaking valve (PMSV)

A

One way speaking valve. Helps with communication, secretion management, improved swallow function

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13
Q

High humidity trach collar (HHTC)

A

O2 delivery system; provides humidity and warmth, supplemental O2 (FiO2 ranges from 21-100%)

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14
Q

Suctioning

A

AIDS in removal of secretions; tracheal and oral

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15
Q

Chest tube

A

Pleural vs mediastinal space to restore normal respiratory function

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16
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

Used to evaluate heart rate and rhythm

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17
Q

Pacemaker

A

Substitutes for the defective natural pacemaker of heart.

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18
Q

Differentiate Epicardial vs Endocardial pacemaker

A

Epi - placed once chest is open (surgery). Electrode’s screwed/sewn into the outside of the heart muscle
Endo - leads attached inside right atrium & ventricle via the subclavian or left cephalon vein

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19
Q

Automated implantable cardioverter - defibrillator

A

Shock the heart for certain life threatening arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, paces the heart

20
Q

Intra-aortic balloon pump

A

Use of a balloon attached to a catheter to help an impaired heart receive more O2.
Systole: balloon deflates decreasing the resistance to aortic blood flow, decrease after load and heart rate by 20%
Diastole: balloon inflates, pushing blood back to the heart to increase diastolic pressure by 30%

21
Q

Impella

A

High speed pump that assists the LV in ejecting blood to the aorta
Unloads the left ventricle, decreases LV wall pressure, decreases myocardial oxygen demand
Has a blood flow similar to LVAD

22
Q

Ventricular assist devices

A

For patients with end stage cardiac failure: used as a bridge to heart transplant
Circulatory assist of the left and/or right ventricle

23
Q

IV Catheter

A

Access to give fluids and medications into the body

24
Q

Arterial line

A

Continuous BP monitoring and used for frequent blood draws

25
Q

Central catheter

A

Long term IV access where some meds require this type to avoid irritation to peripheral vasculature
Blood draws
Diagnostic use with CVP monitoring

26
Q

Dialysis catheter

A

Remove toxic materials and maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance since kidneys impaired

27
Q

PCA pump & epidural

A

Increased pain control
PCA - patient selected release of pain meds through IV with time lock out
Epidural - consistent transfusion of pain medicine to nerve root

28
Q

Jackson Pratt/hemovac

A

Self contained suction system used to evacuate fluids from a wound

29
Q

Negative pressure wound therapy

A

Removal of slough of the wound, provides a moist environment, increases circulation to the wound, reduces edema & bacteria of wound

30
Q

Nasogastric tube

A

Emptying the stomach of gas/air & digestive fluids
For feeding patient

31
Q

Dobhoff tube

A

Aides in feeding especially for those who cannot swallow or chew food but have a functioning GI tract
Tube inserted into the nose and ends either at the beginning of the intestines or in the stomach

32
Q

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)/ jejunostomy tubes (PEJ)

A

Gastrostomy tube: give long term nutrition to patients with a swallowing impairment
Jejunostomy tube: give long term nutrition to patients with defective gastric emptying or post op backup when gastric “tone” is inadequate

33
Q

Colostomy

A

Opening of some portion of colon onto abdominal surface (stoma) in order for stool to be eliminated out of the body and into collection pouch

34
Q

Fecal containment devices

A

For inconsistent patients with liquid stool
Helps decrease skin breakdown and infection

35
Q

Urinary catheter

A

Evacuation of urine. Measures urine output

36
Q

Intracranial bolt

A

Measures intracranial pressure (normal ICP <15 mmHg)

37
Q

External ventricular drain (EVD)

A

Drains cerebrospinal fluid, monitors ICP

38
Q

Lumbar drain

A

Drains CSF to relieve pressure in the brain or spinal cord

39
Q

Artificial airway

A

Ventilator connection to the patient’s airway (located 2-5 cm above carina)

40
Q

Endotracheal tube

A

Provide access to patient’s airway in order to ventilate the patient either manually or via mechanical ventilator

41
Q

Tracheostomy tube

A

Artificial airway in trachea aiding in breathing and protecting airway - patients needing prolonged ventilator support

42
Q

AMBU bag

A

Manually resuscitation bag used to manually ventilate patients

43
Q

End tidal CO2 monitoring

A

Monitors breathing rate and adequacy of ventilation (~35-45 mmHg normal value)

44
Q

Optiflow

A

Supplemental oxygen and support - more comfortable for patient to eat, talk, drink

45
Q

Non invasive ventilation (NIV)

A

Provide positive pressure ventilation non invasively via oro-nasal mask, nasal mask, or full face mask

46
Q

Mechanical ventilator

A

Device for providing ventilation via an artificial airway

Module 1 (3 decks)

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