Actual Term Quiz Flashcards
acute dystonia
Sudden and sustained muscle contraction of one or more muscles.
NOt dangerous unless involving respiratory muscles
Dys tonia—abnormal muscle tone
Affect
The external expression of one’s internal emotional state
-- in schizophrenia -- Flat Blunted Constricted Inappropriate Bizarre
Affective symptoms
Symptoms involving emotions and their expression
Akathisia
A motor restlessness that causes pacing, repeditive movements, or an inability to stay still or in one place.
Sometimes mistaken for anxiety rather than a drug symptom
Ambivalence
A state in which a person at the same time experiences conflicting feelings, attitudes, drives, desires, or emotions, such as love and hate, tenderness and cruelty, or pleasure and pain toward the same person, place, object, or situation.
Anosognosia
an inability to realize they are ill, often due to the illness itself
Associative looseness
haphazard and illogical thinking, where concentration is poor and thoughts are loosely associated
Clang association
choosing words based on their sound rather than their meaning
Cognitive symptoms
Subtle or obvious impairment in memorie, attention, thinking, judgement, or problem solving
Command hallucinations
symptom/hallucination which directs the patient to do an action
–
often dangerous and indicating psyciatric emergency
Concrete thinking
Interpriting or perceiving things in a literal manner.
what brought you to the hospital? a car
Delusions
False beliefs help despite a lack of evidence to support them
built on a foundation that if the foundation were true the rest of the delusion would be logical
Depersonalization
A feeling of being unreal or having lost identity
Derealization
A feeling that the world around you is not real
A feeling that the environment has changed
Echolalia
The pathilogical repeeting of anothers words
Echo-echo-echo
la–like a song bird
Echopraxia
The mimicking od movements of another
–
echo-echo
pra-da you dance inshoes
Executive functioning
The ability to set priorities and make desisiions
Extrapyramidal side effects (EPSs)
Side effects that mimic extrapyramidal disease and are caused by drugs that block dopamine receptor sites in the extrapyramidal system tract.
movement disorders
Acute dystopia, akathesia, psuedoparkinsonism, TD
First-generation antipsychotics
works by D2 receptor antagonism.
–
effective in the treatment of positive symptoms (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thought) but not negative symptoms
–
Side effects include EPSs
Hallucinations
A sensory perception that does not result from an external stimulus and that occurs in the waking state.
It can occur in any of the senses and is classified accordingly as auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, or visual.
Ideas of reference and ideas of influence
The false impression that outside events have special meaning for oneself.
Illusions
A false interpretation of an external sensory stimulus.
usually visual or auditory, such as a mirage in the desert or voices on the wind.
Metabolic syndrome
A combination including at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low level of high-density lipoproteins, hypertension, and high fasting plasma glucose level.
–
It is associated with an increased risk for development of DM and cardiovascular disease.
Negative symptoms
The absence of essential human qualities
The absence of something that should be there
---- The 6 A's Anhedonia Avolition Asociality Affective blunting Apathy Alogia
Neologisms
Words that have meaning for the patient but a different or nonexsistant meaning to others
Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome (NMS)
A condition characterized by hypertonicity, pallor, dyskinesia, fever, incontinence, unstable BP, and pulmonary congestion.
–
It is caused by the administration of neuroleptic drugs at normal or high doses. Reaction to these drugs is idiosyncratic.
Paranoia
condition characterized by an elaborate, overly suspicious system of thinking.
–
It often includes delusions of persecution and grandeur usually centered on one major theme, such as a financial matter, a job situation, an unfaithful spouse,
-or-
another problem, such as being followed or monitored by the CIA, FBI, or outer space aliens.
Pseudoparkinsonism
A temporary group of symptoms that looks like parkinsons disease tremor
-- reduced accecory movements (ex arms swining while walking) gait impaired reduced facial impairment (mask facies) slowing of motot behavior
Reality testing
An ego function that enables one to differentiate between external reality and any inner imaginative world –and–
to behave in a manner that exhibits an awareness of accepted norms and customs.
Recovery model
is hopeful and empowering,
–and–
emphasizes the person and the future rather than the illness and the present.
Second-generation antipsychotics
Fewer EPSs than first gen
–
Targets positive and negative symptoms
Stereotyped beaviors
A pattern of body movements that has autistic and symbolic meaning for an individual.
–
EX
Tardive dyskinesia (TD ot TDK)
characterized by involuntary repetitive movements of the muscles of the face, limbs, and trunk.
–
commonly affects older people who have been treated for extended periods with antipsychotics
also antidopaminergic medication.
third-generation antipsychotics
In areas of the brain with excess dopamine, it lowers the dopamine level by acting as a receptor antagonist; however, in regions with low dopamine, it stimulates receptors to raise the dopamine level.
aripiprazole (Abilify)
–
Side effects include insomnia and akathisia.
Word salad
extreme form of associate looseness
a jumble of words that are meaning less to the listener
positive symptoms
The presence of something that is normally not there
Anhedonia
Reduced ability to experience pleasure in eveyday life
—
Negative symptom
Abolition
Loss of motivation.
Hard time starting and completing goal oriented tasks
—
Negative symptom
Affective blunting
diminished or restrained affect
—
Negative symptom
Apathy
Decreased attention or attention in beliefs or activities the one would other wise find important or interesting
—
Negative symptom
Alogia
Reduction in speech
—
Don’t talk as much
—
Negative symptom
