ACTUAL PAEDS STUDY GUIDE

Question 1

In RSV, which type of child is most prone to a severe case that can spread to the lower respiratory system?

Answer 1

• Pre-term babies
• Immunocompromised babies
• Babies with congenital heart defects

Question 2

How is RSV transmitted?

Answer 2

Droplet contact from respiratory secretions.

Question 3

What are the initial symptoms of RSV?

Answer 3

Runny nose
Low Fever
Cough
Conjunctivitis
Sore throat
Possible eye/ear infection

Question 4

At what point should Oxygen therapy be provided to a child with RSV?
A/ 95% Oximetry
B/ 90% Oximetry
C/ 88% oximetry
D/ 75% Oximetry

Answer 4

B/ 90%

Question 5

Is routine chest physiotherapy recommended with RSV?

Answer 5

HELL NO

Question 6

Which of the following symptoms of RSV would indicate the need for fluid restriction?
A/ Emesis
B/ Tachypnea
C/ Rhinorrhea
D/ Hypotension

Answer 6

B/ Tachypnea

Also, weakness and Fatigue

Question 7

What are the most important nursing interventions in relation to RSV?

Answer 7

PPE (Droplet)
Maintain fluid intake (if not contraindicated)
Suctioning if needed

Question 8

What are some clinical manifestations of Viral Pneumonia?

Answer 8

Mild Fever
Slight/severe cough
Malaise
High Fever
Fatigue

Question 9

How is viral pneumonia typically treated?

Answer 9

TX of symptoms:
Increase O2 and comfort
Chest physio
Drainage of sputum
Monitoring fluid intake
Ø use of antibiotics

Question 10

What are common clinical manifestations for bacterial pneumonia?

Answer 10

• Fever
• Malaise
• Rapid/shallow breathing
• Cough
• Chest pain
• Headache
• Chills
• Abdominal Pain
• Meningeal symptoms

Question 11

What is the common drug used to treat children under 5 with bacterial pneumonia?

Answer 11

Oral Amoxicillin

Question 12

What are the treatment methods for bacterial pneumonia?

Answer 12

• Antibiotics
• Rest
• Liberal oral intake
• Fever control

Question 13

What is Patent Ductus arteriosus?

Answer 13

Opening between the Pulmonary artery and the Aorta and that causes an excess of oxygenated blood to the lungs. Pinkish skin

Question 14

What are some clinical manifestations of Patent ductus arteriosus?

Answer 14

• Increased work of breathing
• Apnea
• Bounding pulses
• Decreased Diastolic pressure
• Cardiomegaly
• Systolic Murmur

Question 15

How is Patent ductus arteriosus treated in newborns?

Answer 15

Typically treated with indomethacin which inhibits prostaglandin secretions that keep the duct open.

Question 16

What is a Ventricular Septal Defect?

Answer 16

An opening between the right and left ventricle that forces blood from the left to right ventricle during left ventricular contraction.

Question 17

What is Coarctation of Aorta?

Answer 17

Localized narrowing of the Aorta close to the ductus arteriosus.

Question 18

What is a common side effect of Coarctation of Aorta?

Answer 18

High blood pressure in upper extremities with lower blood pressure in legs and lower abdomen. Lower extremities can be “Bluish”

Question 19

What are the four presenting features of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 19

1. Ventricular septal defect
2. Overriding Aorta that collects from both ventricles
3. Stenosis of pulmonic Valve
4. Hypertrophy of right ventricle

Question 20

What are common symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 20

• Acute Cyanosis
• Murmur
• Clubbing of digits
• Loss of consciousness
• Sudden death

Question 21

What is Transposition of Great Arteries?

Answer 21

When the Aorta collects from the RV, and the Pulmonary Artery collects from the LV.

Question 22

What are symptoms of Transposition of Great arteries?

Answer 22

• Severe Cyanosis
• Depressed function at birth
• Cardiomegaly

Question 23

What is Kawasaki Disease and what are the common presenting symptoms?

Answer 23

Vascular inflammation, typically of coronary arteries.

Symptoms include: Reddening of conjunctiva, Inflammation of pharynx, red cracked lips and strawberry tongue