Activity and Exercise Flashcards
achondroplasia
dwarfism
bones ossify prematurely
pagets disease
metabolic bone dz
increased bone loss results in pain, pathological fractures and deformities.
usually affects skull, vertebrae, femur, pelvis
vit D & ca
needed for formation and maintenance of bone
deficiency leads to porous bones
can lead to bow legs
syndactylism
fusion of 2 or more fingers or toes
DDH
developmental dysplasia of hip
congenital abnormality of development of femur, acetabulum or both
club foot
talipes equinovarus
deformity of foot
4% of newborns
cast or surgery to correct
scoliosis
lateral curvature of spine
idiopathic scoliosis
unknown etiology
infantile, juvenile, adolescent
osteoarthritis
djd loss of articular cartilage in joint pain, stiff, decreased ROM, crepitus aggravated by weight bearing and joint use relieved by resting older, overweight
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic autoimmune dz
chronic inflammation of joints and surrounding connective tissue
joint pain, deformity, loss of function
fever, fatigue, weakness, weight loss
usually fingers wrist, elbow, ankle, knee
30-50 yr old range
most pain in am.
ankylosing spondylitis
chronic inflammatory joint dz
stiffening and fusion of spine and SI joints
inflammation where ligaments, tendons, joint capsule insert into bone
younger adults
low back pain, stiff, decrease ROM of spine
loss of convex lumbar curve; upper spine curve increase
gout
inflammatory response to high level of uric acid
crystals in synovial fluid and small which nodules (tophi) in subcutaneous tissue
osteoporosis
decrease in total bone density which occurs when osteoclast outpaces osteblast bone collapses on itself prevention is best treatment Ca intake for >50 yrs = 1200 mg/day vit D 800-1000 IV /day decrease smoking, alcohol intake
osteomyelitis
infection of bone
fracture
break in bone
s/s - tenderness at site, loss of function, deformity, swelling,
sprain
stretch injury of ligament causing ligament to tear
complete tear requires surgery to stabilize joint