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PMLS 2 Lab Prelims > Activity 2 Handwashing and Chain of Infection > Flashcards

Activity 2 Handwashing and Chain of Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Represents how “infection” are passed from one person to another host

A

The chain of infection

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2
Q

Infection is a disease that is caused by a ___

A

Pathogen

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3
Q

5 common pathogens

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Viruses
  3. Parasites
  4. Fungi
  5. Prions
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4
Q

3 types of reservoir

A
  1. Human
  2. Animal
  3. Environment
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5
Q

Not all coughs are infectious, ex.?

A

Asthma

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6
Q

MOT

Common for parasites

A

Vector borne

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7
Q

MOT

Refers to spray with relatively large aerosols so it travels a short distance only

A

Droplet transmission

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8
Q

MOT

Infections transmitted from an animal to human

A

Zoonosis

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9
Q

MOT

Carried by dust or droplet nuclei in air: they travel farther than droplets as they are lighter

A

Airborne

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10
Q

MOT

Infectious agent is carried by animals (mostly insects) and transferred to the host

A

Vector borne

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11
Q
  • Carries the infectious agent in their feet or guts without nurturing the pathogen
  • Flies and cockroaches
A

Mechanical vectors

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12
Q
  • Nurtures the infectious agent in their body
  • Mosquitoes and ticks
A

Biological vectors

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13
Q

PO Entry

Often, the pathogen ___ the new host via same portal of ___ used to leave the source host

A

Enters; Exit

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14
Q

Routes

Via injections like sharing of needles by drug users, accidental pricks

A

Percutaneous

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15
Q

Routes

  • Enters through the GIT
  • Eating contaminated food and drinks, eating with contaminated hands
A

Fecal-oral

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16
Q

Routes

Enters the fetus or baby via umbilical cord, breastfeeding or birth canal

A

Perinatal route

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16
Q

Routes

  • Enters through the nose merely by breathing (airborne)
  • Usually causes respiratory diseases
A

Respiratory

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17
Q

May or may not exhibit symptoms but they can pass the infectious agent to other susceptible host

A

Active carriers

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17
Q

May harbor the pathogen, but they are asymptomatic and don’t pass the pathogen

A

Passive carriers

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18
Q

Administration of a vaccine to prevent the occurrence of a specific infectious disease

A

Prophylactic vaccination

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19
Q

Initial exposure: ___ antibody production. Subsequent exposures: ___ response due to immune memory, especially with ___

A

Slow; Faster; Viruses

20
Q

Physically remove the hazard

A

Elimination

21
Q

Replace the hazard

A

Substitution

22
Q

Isolate people from the hazard

A

Engineering controls

23
Q

Change the way people work

A

Administrative controls

24
Q

Protect the worker with personal protective equipment

A

PPE

25
Q

Infection control: from most effective to least (5)

A
  1. Elimination
  2. Substitution
  3. Engineering controls
  4. Administrative controls
  5. PPE
26
Q
  • If hands are soiled, wash them for ___
  • If hands are not soiled, wash them for ___
A

45 seconds; 30 seconds

27
Q

Tourniquet: must be disinfected with ___ and ___ in between patients

A

Alcohol; Iodine

28
Q

A process of reducing or eliminating most pathogens (except spores and prions) in inanimate objects

A

Disinfection

29
Q

Inhibition or elimination of most pathogens in living tissues

A

Antisepsis

30
Q
  • A process of completely killing all forms of microorganisms including spores
  • Most effective way of stopping infection
A

Sterilization

31
Q

Global efforts to permanently eliminate specific infections to zero

A

Eradication

32
Q

Handwashing ___ the infectious agent in hands

A

Removes

33
Q
  • Drinkable water
  • Can still contain bacteria to a certain level
A

Potable water

34
Q

3 methods of sterilization

A
  1. Autoclaving
  2. Heat sterilization
  3. UV light sterilization
35
Q

Steam under pressure

A

Autoclaving

36
Q

Dry glassware over bunsen burner if a test requires sterility

A

Heat sterilization

37
Q

Sterilization used for medical devices; scalpel, bedsheets

A

UV light sterilization

38
Q

Bacterial spores cannot be killed thru decontamination because they have ___ spores; need ___ decontamination

A

Protective; 2nd

39
Q

2 bacteria that contain spores

A

clostridium and bacillum

40
Q

3 common disinfectants

A
  1. Alcohol
  2. Lysol
  3. Bleach (Sodium hypochlorite)
41
Q

Used to clean Tourniquets

A

Alcohol

42
Q

Used to clean tables and desks

A

Lysol

43
Q

2 antiseptics

A
  1. Betadine
  2. Hydrogen peroxide
44
Q

Iodine tincture

A

Betadine

45
Q

Agua antisada

A

Hydrogen peroxide

46
Q

Lowering the microorganism population to a safe level

A

Sanitation

47
Q

2 sanitation methods

A
  1. Chlorination
  2. Filtration
48
Q

Method used to clean water

A

Chlorination

PMLS 2 Lab Prelims (6 decks)

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