Active/Passive Transport

Question 1

3 ways to control what goes through a cell membrane

Answer 1

Size, shape, electric charge

Question 2

Brownian Motion

Answer 2

Random motion of particles or molecules

Question 3

Concentration gradient

Answer 3

Difference in concentration between two areas
Moving down/along/with the gradient: molecules move form areas of high to low concentration

Question 4

Passive transport

Answer 4

Movement across cell membranes with no energy, down the concentration gradient

Question 5

Diffusion

Answer 5

Type of passive transport
Movement of particles form an area of high to low concentration

Question 6

Osmosis

Answer 6

Diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 7

Solute

Answer 7

Substance getting dissolved

Question 8

Solvent

Answer 8

Substance the solute is being dissolved in

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

Solute+solvent

Question 10

Equilibrium

Answer 10

Concentration of molecules is equal throughout the solution

Question 11

Hypotonic solution

Answer 11

Outside solution has a higher concentration than the inside solution (cell)
Solution is hypotonic to the cell

Question 12

Hypertonic solution

Answer 12

Solution is hypertonic to the cell
Outside solution is more concentrated than the inside solution (cell)

Question 13

Isotonic solution

Answer 13

Concentration of solute outside the cell is the same as the inside

Question 14

Lysis

Answer 14

Animal cell gaining water

Question 15

Crenation

Answer 15

Animal cell losing water

Question 16

Active transport

Answer 16

Uses energy to transport molecules against the concentration gradient

Question 17

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 17

Use of transport proteins to help or facilitate the diffusion of particles across the cell membrane down a concentration gradient

Question 18

Carrier protein

Answer 18

Change shape to allow certain molecules to cross

Question 19

Channel protein

Answer 19

Form a tunnel like pore in the membrane to transport charged ions
When pores are open, they allow charged ions in and out the cell

Question 20

Endocytosis

Answer 20

Method of moving molecules into the cell if they can’t be moved by passive or active transport
Membrane folds in and forms a pocket around the material to be transported

Question 21

Phagocytosis

Answer 21

Used by cell to ingest food and other solid materials
Cell ‘eating’
Type of endocytosis

Question 22

Pinocytosis

Answer 22

Used by cells to ingest droplets of water or fluids
Cell ‘drinking’
Type of endocytosis

Question 23

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 23

Used to take in molecules like cholesterol
Receptors on cell identify an item for transport, bind it and trigger endocytosis
Type of endocytosis

Question 24

Exocytosis

Answer 24

Vacuole or vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and the stored contents are released