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PT Exam > Active Care > Flashcards

Active Care Flashcards

1
Q

Bruegger’s

A

Breathing exercises and posture for
COPD
Aging
AS

“More about joints than muscles”

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2
Q

Describe how to do Bruegger’s

A

Extend thoracics
Pull shoulders back
Rock pelvis forward
Nod head in flexion and raise

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3
Q

Buerger-Allen’s

A

Pts with peripheral vascular disease

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4
Q

Harvard step

A

Endurance

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5
Q

Williams

A

Flexion exercises for LB to help decrease lordosis by strengthening abdominal muscles

Sit ups w/ knees flexed and head/shoulders lifted and hold position for 5 min

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6
Q

William’s benefits what most

A

Spondylolysthesis
Facet syndrome
Increased lumbosacral angle
Hyperlordosis

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7
Q

Modified McKenzie’s benefits..

A

Acute discs

Spinal stenosis

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8
Q

McKenzie’s

A

Extension exercises for LB with purpose of helping increase lordosis by strengthening paraspinals

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9
Q

McKenzie’s benefits

A

Chronic disc

Acute lumbar antalgia to centralize pain and get pt to neural position

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10
Q

McGill

A

LBP (core) includes side bridge, bird dog, and abdominals

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11
Q

Kegel’s benefit

A

Incontinence

Exercises for pelvic floor muscles

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12
Q

Codman’s / Pendular strengthens __ while eliminating use of ___

A

Shoulder girdle

Supraspinatus muscle

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13
Q

Wall walking is for

A

Shoulder ROM

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14
Q

Yoga benefits

A

Spinal stability and balance

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15
Q

Anterior core chain includes

A

Rectus and transverse abdominis

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16
Q

Posterior core chain includes

A 
Biceps Femoris 
Glut max
Erector spinae 
Multifidis 
Traps 
Posterior deltoid 
Gastrocs
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17
Q

Normal ROM/ action of SITS muscles

A

Supraspinatus = 15-30 degrees abduction
Infraspinatus = external rot
Teres minor = external rot
Subscapularis = internal rot

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18
Q

Gothic shoulder

A

Straight shoulders, levator scap

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19
Q

Frozen shoulder GH/ST ratio

A

1:1

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20
Q

Normal GH/ST motion ratio

A

2:1

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21
Q

Scoliosis affected by

A

Quadratus lumborum

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22
Q

Floor angel for ___ ___

A

Lower traps

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23
Q

Wall angel for __ __

A

Upper traps

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24
Q

Hyperlordosis caused by

A

Weak abdominals
Tight paraspinals, psoas

(High heels and boots)

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25
Q

Hypolordosis caused by

A

Tight abdominals
Weak paraspinals, psoas

(Sandals)

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26
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt caused by

A

Weak hamstrings and glut max
Tight quads

(High heels and boots)

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27
Q

Posterior pelvic tilt caused by

A

Tight hamstrings and glut max
Weak quads

(Sandals)

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28
Q

Normal Q angle

A

15 degrees

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29
Q

Muscles weak in upper cross

A 
Suprahyoids 
DNF
Subscapularis 
Lower trap 
Serratus anterior 
Diaphragm
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30
Q

Muscles tight in upper cross

A 
Pecs 
SCM
Masseter 
Suboccipital 
Upper trap 
Levator scap
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31
Q

Painful joint: Cervico-cranial
Trigger point :
Shortened muscle :
Inhibited muscle:

A

SCM
Suboccipital
DNF

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32
Q

Painful joint : GH
Trigger point:
Shortened muscle:
Inhibited muscle:

A

Upper trap
Levator scap
Lower trap or subscap

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33
Q

Painful joint : upper ribs
Trigger point:
Shortened muscle:
Inhibited muscle:

A

Scalenes
Pecs
Diaphragm

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34
Q

Painful joint : TMJ
Trigger point:
Shortened muscle :
Inhibited muscle :

A

Lateral pterygoids
Masseter
Suprahyoids

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35
Q

Exercises for LBP

A 
Bracing 
Cat-camel 
Bridges and planks 
Supine and table top 
Piriformis stretch
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36
Q

Exercises for glut med weakness

A

Side bridge
One leg stance
Clam

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37
Q

Scoliosis and QL contracture on side of convexity :

Side lying stretch, ____ up and let pelvis sink

Table top side lying, __ up and let torso hang over table

A

Convexity up

Concavity up

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38
Q

Best test for ACL

A

Lachman’s

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39
Q

ACL is connected to

A

Blood supply

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40
Q

MM tears w/ ___ injuries

A

Twisting

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41
Q

Reduction maneuver for MM

A

McMurray’s

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42
Q

Test for PCl

A

Sag sign

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43
Q

Keystone of transverse arch of foot

A

2nd metatarsal

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44
Q

Keystones of longitudinal arch

A 
Medial = navicular 
Lateral = cuboid
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45
Q

Shoulder kinetic chain includes

A

Scap thoracic (protraction and rowing)
GH (dislocation), axillary n compression
AC
sternoclavicular

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46
Q

Rowing targets flaring ___ and includes entire kinetic chain

A

Rhomboids

47
Q

Corner wall push ups target winging __

A

S-T motion and serratus anterior

48
Q

Painful arc indicates

A

Supraspinatus injury

49
Q

Codman’s /pendular targets

A

ITS muscles only

50
Q

Push up plus is for

A

Scapular protraction

51
Q

___ exercise helps poor thoracic extension

A

Bird dog

52
Q

Breathing depends on __, __, __ and __

A

Upper traps
Bucket handle motion
Shoulder mechanics
Thoracic kyphosis

53
Q

Cat-camel
Cat targets __
Camel targets __

A

Abs

Paraspinals

54
Q

Coordination

A

dynamic ball, wobble, slide board (side to side)

55
Q

Proprioception

A

walking on foam, passive movement by therapist

56
Q

Balance

A

proprioceptive training in multiple directions, tandem gait, catch, wobble, braid, figure 8, bridge, survival (get up)

57
Q

Reciprocal

A

multiple joints, multiple muscles, resistance by adjustable friction (i.e. stationary bicycle)

58
Q

Open chain

A

free weights, pulleys, weight cable, distal non-fixed

59
Q

Open environment

A

more complex tasks in which objects, supports, or surfaces move during activity

60
Q

Closed chain

A

usually weight bearing position, body weight is often resistance (ie pushups, squats) Distal end is fixed

61
Q

Closed environment

A

objects or surface tasks are preformed on, does not move

62
Q

Target heart rate

A

60-80% of maximum heart rate

222- age= 60%

63
Q

Progressive resistance exercise

A

to increase resistance in order to strengthen a muscle or group (PRE)

64
Q

Deconditioning

A

metabolic changes with bed rest or immobilization

65
Q

Over train

A

cumulative trauma disorders

66
Q

Dynamic stabilization

A

trunk (core) contraction as extremities move

67
Q

Elasticity

A

soft tissue returns to normal after stretch

68
Q

Plasticity

A

soft tissue does not immediately return to initial set state

69
Q

Flexibility

A

ability to yield a stretch

70
Q

Flexion bias

A

low back antalgia

71
Q

Functional exercise

A

mimics work activities in a controlled setting

72
Q

Functional position

A

neutral offers least stress

73
Q

Power

A

force X velocity

74
Q

Manual exercise/ stretch

A

therapist controls motion and resistance

75
Q

Mechanical exercise/ stretch

A

machine controls motion and resistance

76
Q

Variable resistance

A

isokinetic machine

77
Q

Velocity spectrum rehabilitation

A

isokinetic exercises using wide range of speeds

78
Q

Stable

A

tabletop or floor base so stability is constant

79
Q

Unstable

A

ball activities make core react throughout exercise

80
Q

A weighted ball is used for

A

plyometrics

81
Q

A small ball is used for

A

used for extremities

82
Q

The large ball is used for

A

tool used for core activities

83
Q

A towel can be used with

A

extremities

84
Q

a cane or wand may be used to help with

A

the shoulder

85
Q

Elastic bands are used for rehab with

A

extremities with core stabilization

86
Q

A pipe can be used during rehab for

A

the core

87
Q

balance weights and a wobble board can be used to rehab

A

ankles

88
Q

stool or step-ups are used to rehab

A

lower extremity

89
Q

Isometric

A
  • same length, same resistance
  • benefits: minimal irritation, joint maintenance, increase strength and prevent atrophy
  • no equipment needed
90
Q

Isotonic

A
  • constant resistance, arc motion

- gravity assisted and resisted

91
Q

concentric

A

shorten in an isotonic contraction

92
Q

eccentric

A

lengthen in an isotonic contraction (most tension

93
Q

Isokinetic is strongest

A

mid ROM

94
Q

Isokinetic

A
  • open chain only

- benefits: safest, best testing

95
Q

Concentric is controlled by

A

the patient

96
Q

Eccentric is controlled by

A

the apparatus

97
Q

Reliability

A

amount of error

98
Q

Responsiveness

A

change in condition

99
Q

Practicality

A

ease of use

100
Q

Validity

A

accuracy

101
Q

Wadell

A

non-organic issues

102
Q

Pain drawing

A

assess anatomical validity

103
Q

Burns bench

A

low back pain

104
Q

Magnuson’s

A

ask, distract, ask again

105
Q

Mannkopf’s

A

monitor pulse, press painful site

106
Q

Hoover’s

A

weak or paralyzed leg

107
Q

Reliable LBP questionnaires

A

Oswestry
Roland-Morris
Quebec

108
Q

ADL charts

A

Copenhagen (neck)
Croft (shoulder)
Harris (hip)

109
Q

Cervico-Cranial trigger point

A

SCM

110
Q

Gleno-Humeral trigger point

A

Upper Trapezius

111
Q

Upper ribs trigger points

A

Scalenes

112
Q

TMJ trigger points

A

lateral pterygoids

113
Q

weak muscles upper cross

A 
supra hyoids
DNF
subscapularis 
lower trapezius & Serratus Anterior 
Diaphragm

PT Exam (2 decks)

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