actions second half

Question 1

gluteus maximus

Answer 1

1. extends the hip
2. laterally rotates the thigh
3. upper fibers aid to abduct the thigh

Question 2

gluteus medius

Answer 2

1. abducts and medially rotates thigh

2. Functionally: stabilizes pelvis and prevents free limb from sagging during gait

Question 3

gluteus minimus

Answer 3

1. abducts and medially rotates thigh

Question 4

tensor fascia lata

Answer 4

1. abducts with hip in flexed position

2. rotates & abducts a flexed thigh

Question 5

piriformis

Answer 5

1. medially rotates the thigh when hip is flexed past 90°

2. laterally rotates the thigh when hip is flexed less than 90°

Question 6

superior gemellus

Answer 6

laterally rotates thigh (femur)

Question 7

obturator internus

Answer 7

laterally rotates thigh (femur)

Question 8

inferior gemellus

Answer 8

laterally rotates thigh (femur)

Question 9

obturator externus

Answer 9

laterally rotates thigh (femur)

Question 10

quadratus femoris

Answer 10

laterally rotates thigh (femur)

Question 11

semitendinosus

Answer 11

1. extends hip
2. flexes knee
3. medially rotates the tibia (open chain)

Question 12

semimembranosus

Answer 12

1. extends hip
2. flexes knee
3. medially rotates the tibia (open chain)

Question 13

biceps femoris

Answer 13

1. flexes knee
2. extends hip (long head)
3. laterally rotates tibia (open chain)

Question 14

sartorius

Answer 14

1. flexes hip – It does all these together
2. flexes knee
3. external rotation and abduction of hip

Question 15

rectus femoris

Answer 15

1. extends knee

2. flexes hip

Question 16

vastus lateralis

Answer 16

extends knee

Question 17

vastus medialis

Answer 17

extends knee

Question 18

vastus intermedius

Answer 18

extends knee

Question 19

iliacus

Answer 19

1. flexes hip

2. externally rotates the femur

Question 20

psoas major

Answer 20

1. flexes hip

2. externally rotates the femur

Question 21

adductor magnus

Answer 21

1. adducts thigh

2. posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the thigh

Question 22

adductor longus

Answer 22

1. adducts thigh

2. flexes hip (from extended position)

Question 23

adductor brevis

Answer 23

1. adducts thigh

2. flexes hip (from extended position)

Question 24

gracilis

Answer 24

1. adducts thigh
2. flexes knee
3. medially rotates tibia

Question 25

pectineus

Answer 25

1. hip adduction
2. flexes thigh
3. medially rotates thigh

Question 26

gastrocnemius

Answer 26

1. plantarflexes ankle

2. flexes knee

Question 27

soleus

Answer 27

plantarflexes ankle

Question 28

plantaris

Answer 28

1. weakly plantarflexes ankle

2. weakly flexes knee

Question 29

popliteus

Answer 29

1. insertion fixed: laterally rotates femur on tibia & unlocks(flexes) knee
2. origin fixed: medially rotates tibia on femur & unlocks (flexes) knee

Question 30

tibialis posterior

Answer 30

1. Inversion
2. Horizontal adduction
3. weakly plantarflexes ankle
4. functionally: resists hyperpronation

Question 31

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 31

1. primarily flexes 2nd-5th toes
2. weakly plantarflexes ankle
3. weakly inverts & adducts foot

Question 32

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 32

1. flexes hallux
2. weakly plantarflexes ankle
3. weakly inverts & adducts foot

Question 33

peroneus longus

Answer 33

1. everts & horizontally abducts foot

2. weakly plantarflexes foot

Question 34

peroneus brevis

Answer 34

1. everts & horizontally abducts foot

2. weakly plantarflexes foot

Question 35

tibialis anterior

Answer 35

1. dorsiflexes foot

2. helps invert & horiz adduct foot

Question 36

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 36

1. extends distal phalanx of big toe
2. weakly dorsiflexes the foot
3. weakly inverts and adducts foot

Question 37

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 37

1. extends lateral 4 toes

2. weakly dorsiflexes & everts foot

Question 38

peroneus tertius

Answer 38

1. weakly dorsiflexes & everts foot

Question 39

abductor hallucis

Answer 39

1. Abducts big toe

2. Assists in flexing hallux

Question 40

flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 40

flexes toes 2-5

Question 41

abductor digiti minimi

Answer 41

1. abducts and flexes 5th toe

Question 42

quadratus plantae

Answer 42

Aids to flex toes 2-5 by offsetting the oblique pull of the FDL

Question 43

lumbricales

Answer 43

1. flexes proximal phalanx at MTP joint

2. extends middle and distal phalanges at IP joints

Question 44

flexor hallucis brevis

Answer 44

flexes big toe

Question 45

adductor hallucis (two heads)

Answer 45

1. adducts big toe

2. flexes big toe

Question 46

flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 46

flexes 5th toe

Question 47

plantar interossei (3)

Answer 47

1. adducts toes 3-5

2. flexes toes 3-5

Question 48

dorsal interossei (4)

Answer 48

1. abducts toes 2-4

2. flexes toes 2-4

Question 49

extensor hallucis brevis

Answer 49

extends big toe

Question 50

extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 50

extends 2nd-4th toes