Actions Re; Magee Flashcards
Flexion of elbow
- Brachialis
- Biceps brachii
- Brachioradialis
- Pronator teres
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extension of elbow
- Triceps
2. Anconeus
Supination of forearm
- Supinator
2. Biceps brachii
Pronation of forearm
- Pronator quadratus
- Pronator teres
- Flexor carpi radialis
Flexion of wrist
- Flexor carpi radialis
2. Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extension of wrist
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
Forward flexion of shoulder
l. Deltoid (anterior fibers)
2. Pectoralis major (clavicular fibers)
3. Coracobrachialis
4. Biceps (when strong contraction required)
Extension of shoulder
- Deltoid (posterior fibers)
- Teres major
- Teres minor
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis major (sternocostal fibers)
- Triceps (long head)
Horizontal adduction of shoulder
l. Pectoralis major
2. Deltoid (anterior fibers)
Horizontal abduction of shoulder
- Deltoid (posterior fibers)
- Teres major
- Teres minor
- Infraspinatus
Abduction of shoulder
- Deltoid
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Subscapularis
- Teres minor
- Long head of biceps (if arm laterally rotated first, trick movement)
Adduction of shoulder
- Pectoralis major
- Latissimus dorsi
- Teres major
- Subscapularis
Medial rotation of shoulder
l. Pectoralis major
2. Deltoid (anterior fibers)
3. Latissimus dorsi
4. Teres major
5. Subscapularis (when arm is by side)
Lateral rotation of shoulder
- Infraspinatus
- Deltoid (posterior fibers)
- Teres minor
Elevation of scapula
- Trapezius (upper fibers)
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid major
- Rhomboid minor
Depression of scapula
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis major
- Pectoralis minor
- Latissimus dorsi
- Trapezius (lower fibers)
Protraction (forward movement) of scapula
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis major
- Pectoralis minor
- Latissimus dorsi
Retraction (backward movement) of scapula
- Trapezius
- Rhomboid major
- Rhomboid minor
Lateral (upward) rotation of inferior angle of scapula
- Trapezius (upper and lower fibers)
2. Serratus anterior
Medial (downward)rotation of inferior angle of scapula
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid major
- Rhomboid minor
- Pectoralis minor
Opening of mouth (depression of
mandible)
- Lateral (external) pterygoid
- Mylohyoid*
- Geniohyoid *
- Digastric*
Closing of mouth (elevation of mandible
or occlusion)
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Medial (internal) pterygoid
Protrusion of mandible
- Lateral (external) pterygoid
- Medial (internal) pterygoid
- Masseter*
- Mylohyoid*
- Geniohyoid*
- Digastric*
Retraction of mandible
- Temporalis (posterior fibers)
- Masseter*
- Digastric*
Lateral deviation of mandible
- Lateral (external) pterygoid (ipsilateral muscle)
- Medial (internal) pterygoid (contralateral muscle)
- Temporalis*
- Masseter*
Forward flexion of head
- Rectus capitis anterior
- Rectus capitis lateralis
- Longus capitis
- Hyoid muscles
- Obliquus capitis superior
- Sternocleidomastoid (if head in neutral or flexion)
Extension of head
- Splenius capitis
- Semispinalis capitis
- Longissimus capitis
- Spinalis capitis
- Trapezius
- Rectus capitis posterior minor
- Rectus capitis posterior major
- Obliquus capitis superior
- Obliquus capitis inferior
- Sternocleidomastoid (if head in some extension)
Rotation of head (muscles on one side contract)
- Splenius capitis (face moves to the same side)
- Longissimus capitis (face moves to same side)
- Semispinalis capitis (face moves to sanle side)
- Obliquus capitis inferior (face moves to same side)
- Sternocleidomastoid (face moves to opposite side)
Side flexion of head
- Trapezius
- Splenius capitis
- Longissinms capitis
- Semispinalis capitis
- Obliquus capitis inferior
- Rectus capitis lateralis
- Longus capitis
- Sternocleidomastoid
Flexion of neck
- Longus coli
- Scalenus anterior
- Scalenus medius
- Scalenus posterior
Extension of neck
- Longus coli
- Scalenus anterior
- Scalenus medius
- Scalenus posterior
- Splenius cervicis
- Semispinalis cervicis
- Longissimus cervicis
- Levator scapulae
- Iliocostalis cervicis
- Spinalis cervicis
- Multifidus
- Interspinalis cervicis
- Trapezius
- Rectus capitus posterior major
II. Rotatores brevis - Rotatores longi
Side flexion of neck
I. Levator scapulae 2. Splenius cervicis 3. Iliocostalis cervicis 4. Longissimus cervicis 5. Semispinalis cervicis 6. Multifidus 7. Intertransversarii 8. Scaleni 9. Sternocleidomastoid 10. Obliquus capitis inferior II. Rotatores breves 12. Rotatores longi 13. Longus coli
Rotation* of neck (muscles on one side contract)
- Levator scapulae (face moves to same side)
- Splenius cervicis (face moves to same side)
- Iliocostalis cervicis (face moves to same side)
- Longissimus cervicis (face moves to same side)
- Semispinalis cervicis (face moves to same side)
- Multifidus (face moves to opposite side)
- Intertransversarii (face moves to same side)
- Scaleni (face moves to opposite side)
- Sternocleidomastoid (face moves to opposite side)
- Obliquus capitis inferior (face moves to same
side)
II. Rotatores brevis (face moves to same side) - Rotatores longi (face moves to sanle side)
C1-C2
Neck flexion
C3
Neck side flexion
C4
Shoulder elevation
C5
Shoulder
abduction
C6
Elbow flexion and
wrist extension
C7
Elbow extension and
wrist flexion
C8
Thumb extension and
ulnar deviation
T1
Hand intrinsics
Orbicularis oris
Compresses lips against anterior teeth, closes
mouth, protrudes lips
Depressor anguli oris
Depresses angle of mouth
Levator anguli oris
Elevates angle of mouth
Zygomaticus major
Draws angle of mouth upward and back
Risorius
Draws angle of mouth laterally
Levator labii superioris
Elevates upper lip, flares nostril
Buccinator
Compresses cheeks against molar teeth;
sucking and blowing
Mentalis
Puckers skin of chin, protrudes lower lip
Nasalis
Compresses nostrils
Dilates or flares nostrils
Orbicularis oculi
Closes eye forcefully
Closes eye gently
Squeezes lubricating tears against eyeball
Procerus
Transverse wrinkling of bridge of nose
Corrugator
Vertical wrinkling of bridge of nose
Frontalis
Pulls scalp upward and back
Supination of forearm
l. Supinator
2. Biceps brachii
Pronation of forearm
l. Pronator quadratus
2. Pronator teres
3. Flexor carpi radialis
Extension of wrist
l. Extensor carpi radialis longus
2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3. Extensor carpi ulnaris
Flexion of wrist
l. Flexor carpi radialis
2. Extensor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar deviation of wrist
l. Flexor carpi radialis
2. Extensor carpi radialis longus
3. Abductor pollicis longus
4. Extensor pollicis brevis
Extension of fingers
l. Extensor digitorum
2. Extensor indices (second
3. Extensor digiti minimi
Flexion of fingers
l. Flexor digitorum profundus
2. Flexor digitorum superficialis
3. Lumbricals
Abduction of fingers (with fingers extended)
l. Dorsal interossei
2. Abductor digiti minimi
Adduction of fingers (with fingers extended)
l. Palmar interossei
Extension of thumb
l. Extensor pollicis longus
2. Extensor pollicis brevis
3. Abductor pollicis longus
Flexion of thumb
l. Flexor pollicis brevis
2. Flexor pollicis longus
3. Opponens pollicis
Abduction of thumb
- Abductor pollicis longus
2. Abductor pollicis brevis
Adduction of thumb
- Adductor pollicis
Opposition of thumb and little finger
- Opponens pollicis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Opponens digiti minimi
Flexion of thoracic spine
- Rectus abdominis
- External abdominal oblique (both sides acting
together) - Internal abdominal oblique (both sides acting
together)
Extension of thoracic spine
- Spinalis thoracis
- Iliocostalis thoracis (both sides acting together)
- Longissimus thoracis (both sides acting together)
- Semispinalis thoracis (both sides acting together)
- Multifidus (both sides acting together)
- Rotatores (both sides acting together)
- Interspinalis
Rotation and side flexion of thoracic spine
- Iliocostalis thoracis (to same side)
- Longissimus thoracis (to same side)
- Intertransverse (to same side)
- Internal abdominal oblique (to same side)
- Semispinalis thoracis (to opposite side)
- Multifidus (to opposite side)
- Rotatores (to opposite side)
- External abdominal oblique (to opposite side)
- Transverse abdominis (to opposite side)
Elevation of ribs
- Scalenus anterior (1st rib)
- Scalenus medius (1st rib)
- Scalenus posterior (2nd rib)
- Serratus posterior superior (2nd to 5th ribs)
- Iliocostalis cervicis (1st to 6th rib)
- Levatores costarum (all ribs)
- Pectoralis major (if arm fixed)
- Serratus anterior (lower ribs if scapula fixed)
- Pectoralis minor (2nd to 5th ribs if scapula fixed)
- Sternocleidomastoid (if head fixed)
Depression of ribs
- Serratus posterior inferior (lower 4 ribs)
- Iliocostalis lumborum (lower 6 ribs)
- Longissimus thoracis
- Rectus abdominis
- External abdominal oblique (lower 5 to 6 ribs)
- Internal abdominal oblique (lower 5 to 6 ribs)
- Transverse abdominal (all acting to depress lower
ribs) - Quadratus lumborum (12th rib)
- Transverse thoracis
Approximation of ribs
- Iliocostalis thoracis
- Intercostals (internal and external)
- Diaphragm
Inspiration
- External intercostals
- Transverse thoracis (sternocostalis)
- Diaphragm
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Scalenus anterior
- Scalenus medius
- Scalenus posterior
- Pectoralis major
- Serratus anterior
- Latissimus dorsi
- Serratus posterior superior
- Iliocostalis thoracis
Expiration
- Internal intercostals
- Rectus abdominis
- External abdominal oblique
- Internal abdominal oblique
- Iliocostalis lumborum
- Longissimus
- Serratus posterior inferior
- Quadratus lumborum
Forward flexion of spine
l. Psoas major
2. Rectus abdominis
3. External abdominal oblique
4. Internal abdominal oblique
5. Transversus abdominis
6. Intertransversarii
Extension of spine
l. Latissimus dorsi
2. Erector spinae (iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis)
3. Transversospinalis
4. Interspinales
5. Quadratus lumborum
6. Multifidus
7. Rotatores
8. Gluteus maximus
Side flexion
l. Latissimus dorsi
2. Erector spinae (iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis)
3. Transversalis
4. Intertransversarii
5. Quadratus lumborum
6. Psoas major
7. External abdominal oblique
Rotation *‘Very little rotation occurs in the lumbar spine because of the shape of the facet joints. Any rotation would be a result of shearing movement.
l. Transversalis
2. Rotatores
3. Multifidus