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Human Structure > Actions and Innvervations > Flashcards

Actions and Innvervations Flashcards

1
Q

trapezius

A

CNX1

  1. elevation, retraction, depression of scapula
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2
Q

damage to spinal branch XI causes what problems with the trapezius?

A

partial paralysis:

  1. shoulder drop
  2. weakness in shoulder
  3. difficulty lifting upper limb >90
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3
Q

damage to spinal branch XI causes what problems with the sternocleidomastostoid?

A
  1. flaccid paralysis of sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
  • torticollis
  • contraction/fibrosis
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4
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve and artery

  1. extension of upper limb
  2. adduction of upper limb
  3. internal (medial) rotation of the arm
  4. moves trunk forward when humerus is fixed
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5
Q

levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

  1. elevation of scapula
  2. rotation of glenohumeral joint
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6
Q

rhomboid major and minor

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

  1. retraction
  2. rotation
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7
Q

SP superior innervation and blood supply

A

T2 to T5 intercostal nerves;

T2 to T5 posterior intercostal arteries

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8
Q

SP inferior innervation and blood supply

A

T9 to T12 intercostal arteries

T9 to T11 posterior intercostal nerves
T12 subcostal artery

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9
Q

thyrocervical trunk deep branch vascularizes what?

A

trapezius, levator scapulae, and thomboids

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10
Q

what anastomoses the superficial back?

A
  1. dorsal scapular a.
  2. suprascapular a.
  3. subscapular a. (&thoracodorsal)
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11
Q

arteries which supply the brain

A

vertebral arteries

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12
Q

bones united by fibrocartilage; strong but allow limited movement

A

symphysis

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13
Q

aqueous fluid similar to egg white for lubrictation

A

synovial fluid

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14
Q

gelatinous shock absorber which is part of the intervertebral disk (symphyses)

A

nucleus puluposus

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15
Q

nuchal ligament function

A

muscle attachments

  1. limits flexion
  2. separtes L and R compartments
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16
Q

suboccipital triangle muscles

A

nod and tilt head

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17
Q

deep intrinsic/segmental back muscles (rotatores, multifidus, semispinalis)

A

muscles of respiration

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18
Q

intermediate extrinsic back muscles (erector spinae)

A

lift trunk from bent over position

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19
Q

superficial intrinsic back muscles (splenius)

A

rotation, lateral flexion, extension of head

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20
Q

intrinsic back muscles and posterior neck muscles are innervated segmentally by ?

A

dorsal primary rami

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21
Q

thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves correspond to vertebrae _____

A

above

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22
Q

sternomastoid

A

innervation: CNXI

blood supply: multiple

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23
Q

scalene muscles

A

cervical nerves

elevate ribs 1 and 2

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24
Q

levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

dorsal scapular nerve (C3 and 4)

dorsal scapular artery

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25
Q

splenius muscles

A

inn: dorsal rami of middle and lower cervical spinal nerves

extend, rotate, and laterally flex head

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26
Q

serratus anterior (medial wall of axilla)

A

long thoracic nerve

holds scapula to thoracic wall

protraction of scapula

upward rotation of glenoid cavity

27
Q

injury of serratus anterior may lead to ?

A

winging of scapula

28
Q

medial wall of axilla innervated by?

A

long thoracic nerve from roots of BP

29
Q

serratus anterior paralysis causes what?

A

weakness in abduction of arm above 90

30
Q

pectoralis major

A

adductions and medially rotates arm
clavicular head: flexion of arm
sternocostal head: extension of fixed arm

inn: lateral and medial pectoral nerves

31
Q

pec minor

A

stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall by drawing it anteriorly and inferiorly

assists in elevation of ribs during deep inspiration

inn: medial pec nerve

32
Q

deltoid

A

axillary nerve

abduction (can’t start)
anterior: flexion and medial rotation

posterior: extension and lateral rotation

33
Q

supraspinatus action

A

initiates abduction of the arm and assists delt

34
Q

subscapularis action

A

adducts and medially rotates arm

35
Q

infraspinatus and teres minor action

A

laterally rotates the arm

36
Q

supraspinatus and infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

37
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve

38
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves

39
Q

teres major innervation and action

A

inn: lower subscapular nerve

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

40
Q

brachialis

A

flexion at elbow

41
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexes supinated forearm; supinates forearm

42
Q

coacobrachialis

A

resists discloation of the shoulder, helps in flexion and adduction at the shoulder

43
Q

triceps

A

extension at elbow

radial nerve

44
Q

anterior comp of arm innervated by ?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

45
Q

blood supply to anterior compartment of arm

A

brachial artery; superior ulnar col.

inferior ulnar coll.

46
Q

posterior comp of arm blood supply

A

deep brachial

47
Q

what comes out of triangular interval?

A

radial nerve and deep brachial artery

48
Q

what comes out of triangular space?

A

circumflex scapular

49
Q

what comes out of quadrangular space?

A

axillary; posterior humoral circumflex

50
Q

what innervates the gluteus maxiumus?

A

inferior gluteal n

51
Q

what muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal?

*they are also the only three medial rotators of the glute region, and they all abduct

A

gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fasciae latae

52
Q

what nerve innervates the piriformis?

A

sacral (S1-2)

53
Q

what muscles are innervated by the nerve to obturator internus?

A

obturator internus and superior gemellus

54
Q

what muscles are innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?

A

interior gemellus and quadratus femori

55
Q

what muscles muscles are innervated by the tibial sciatic nerve?

A

hamstrings

56
Q

all anterior muscles of the leg are innervated by the ? nerve

A

femoral

57
Q

the three vastus all do what?

A

extend leg

58
Q

what is the fxt of the Sartorius?

A

flexes and rotates thigh laterally, flexes and rotates leg medially

59
Q

what is the function of the rectus femoris?

A

flexes thigh, extends leg

60
Q

the obturator externus is a medial muscle of the thigh but its action is ?

A

rotation of thigh laterally

61
Q

what are the functions of the pectineus?

A

flexion thigh

adduction thigh

62
Q

all medial thigh muscles are innervated by ? and vascularized by ?

A

obturator nerve

obturator artery

*pectinues also receives innervation from femoral n; adductor magnus from sciatic n (tibial)

63
Q

posterior thigh innervation

A

sciatic nerve (tibial)

64
Q

blood supply to posterior thigh

A

perforating vessels

inferior gluteal popiteal

Human Structure (2 decks)

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