Actions and Innvervations Flashcards
trapezius
CNX1
- elevation, retraction, depression of scapula
damage to spinal branch XI causes what problems with the trapezius?
partial paralysis:
- shoulder drop
- weakness in shoulder
- difficulty lifting upper limb >90
damage to spinal branch XI causes what problems with the sternocleidomastostoid?
- flaccid paralysis of sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
- torticollis
- contraction/fibrosis
latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve and artery
- extension of upper limb
- adduction of upper limb
- internal (medial) rotation of the arm
- moves trunk forward when humerus is fixed
levator scapulae
dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- elevation of scapula
- rotation of glenohumeral joint
rhomboid major and minor
dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- retraction
- rotation
SP superior innervation and blood supply
T2 to T5 intercostal nerves;
T2 to T5 posterior intercostal arteries
SP inferior innervation and blood supply
T9 to T12 intercostal arteries
T9 to T11 posterior intercostal nerves
T12 subcostal artery
thyrocervical trunk deep branch vascularizes what?
trapezius, levator scapulae, and thomboids
what anastomoses the superficial back?
- dorsal scapular a.
- suprascapular a.
- subscapular a. (&thoracodorsal)
arteries which supply the brain
vertebral arteries
bones united by fibrocartilage; strong but allow limited movement
symphysis
aqueous fluid similar to egg white for lubrictation
synovial fluid
gelatinous shock absorber which is part of the intervertebral disk (symphyses)
nucleus puluposus
nuchal ligament function
muscle attachments
- limits flexion
- separtes L and R compartments
suboccipital triangle muscles
nod and tilt head
deep intrinsic/segmental back muscles (rotatores, multifidus, semispinalis)
muscles of respiration
intermediate extrinsic back muscles (erector spinae)
lift trunk from bent over position
superficial intrinsic back muscles (splenius)
rotation, lateral flexion, extension of head
intrinsic back muscles and posterior neck muscles are innervated segmentally by ?
dorsal primary rami
thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves correspond to vertebrae _____
above
sternomastoid
innervation: CNXI
blood supply: multiple
scalene muscles
cervical nerves
elevate ribs 1 and 2
levator scapulae
elevates scapula
dorsal scapular nerve (C3 and 4)
dorsal scapular artery
splenius muscles
inn: dorsal rami of middle and lower cervical spinal nerves
extend, rotate, and laterally flex head
serratus anterior (medial wall of axilla)
long thoracic nerve
holds scapula to thoracic wall
protraction of scapula
upward rotation of glenoid cavity
injury of serratus anterior may lead to ?
winging of scapula
medial wall of axilla innervated by?
long thoracic nerve from roots of BP
serratus anterior paralysis causes what?
weakness in abduction of arm above 90
pectoralis major
adductions and medially rotates arm
clavicular head: flexion of arm
sternocostal head: extension of fixed arm
inn: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
pec minor
stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall by drawing it anteriorly and inferiorly
assists in elevation of ribs during deep inspiration
inn: medial pec nerve
deltoid
axillary nerve
abduction (can’t start)
anterior: flexion and medial rotation
posterior: extension and lateral rotation
supraspinatus action
initiates abduction of the arm and assists delt
subscapularis action
adducts and medially rotates arm
infraspinatus and teres minor action
laterally rotates the arm
supraspinatus and infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
teres minor innervation
axillary nerve
subscapularis innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves
teres major innervation and action
inn: lower subscapular nerve
extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm
brachialis
flexion at elbow
biceps brachii
flexes supinated forearm; supinates forearm
coacobrachialis
resists discloation of the shoulder, helps in flexion and adduction at the shoulder
triceps
extension at elbow
radial nerve
anterior comp of arm innervated by ?
musculocutaneous nerve
blood supply to anterior compartment of arm
brachial artery; superior ulnar col.
inferior ulnar coll.
posterior comp of arm blood supply
deep brachial
what comes out of triangular interval?
radial nerve and deep brachial artery
what comes out of triangular space?
circumflex scapular
what comes out of quadrangular space?
axillary; posterior humoral circumflex
what innervates the gluteus maxiumus?
inferior gluteal n
what muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal?
*they are also the only three medial rotators of the glute region, and they all abduct
gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fasciae latae
what nerve innervates the piriformis?
sacral (S1-2)
what muscles are innervated by the nerve to obturator internus?
obturator internus and superior gemellus
what muscles are innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?
interior gemellus and quadratus femori
what muscles muscles are innervated by the tibial sciatic nerve?
hamstrings
all anterior muscles of the leg are innervated by the ? nerve
femoral
the three vastus all do what?
extend leg
what is the fxt of the Sartorius?
flexes and rotates thigh laterally, flexes and rotates leg medially
what is the function of the rectus femoris?
flexes thigh, extends leg
the obturator externus is a medial muscle of the thigh but its action is ?
rotation of thigh laterally
what are the functions of the pectineus?
flexion thigh
adduction thigh
all medial thigh muscles are innervated by ? and vascularized by ?
obturator nerve
obturator artery
*pectinues also receives innervation from femoral n; adductor magnus from sciatic n (tibial)
posterior thigh innervation
sciatic nerve (tibial)
blood supply to posterior thigh
perforating vessels
inferior gluteal popiteal
