Actions

Question 1

Adenosine

Answer 1

-Slows electrical conductivity through AV node

Question 2

Albuterol

Answer 2

• Activates the beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax smooth muscle
• Bronchodilation, relieves bronchospasms, and reduces airway resistance

Question 3

Amiodarone

Answer 3

• Prolongs duration of action potential and effective refractory period
• Includes noncompetitive beta-adrenoreceptor and calcium channel blocker activity

Question 4

Aspirin

Answer 4

• Interrupts Thromboxone A2 (TA2)

- Inhibits prostaglandins

Question 5

Atropine Sulfate

Answer 5

• Competes with acetylcholine receptor sites at SA and AV nodes
• Increases heart rate by increasing conduction at SA and AV nodes
• Inhibits secretions by decreasing PNS on bronchial, salivary, sweat and GI glands

Question 6

Calcium Gluconate

Answer 6

Cardioprotective agent in hyperkalemia

Question 7

Detrose 50%

Answer 7

Increase blood glucose by providing free sugar quickly released into the blood stream

Question 8

Diphenhydramine

Answer 8

Binds to histamine receptor sites, suppressing histamine induced allergic symptoms

Question 9

Epi 1:1000

Answer 9

• Bronchodilation (beta 2)
• Vasocontriction (alpha)
• On the heart (beta-1):
  
  • Increased heart rate / chronotropic
  • Increased contractility / inotropic
  • Increased AV conduction / dromotropic
  • Increased automaticity / dromotropic

Question 10

Epi 1:10,000

Answer 10

• Bronchodilation (beta 2)
• Vasocontriction (alpha)
• On the heart (beta-1):
  
  • Increased heart rate / chronotropic
  • Increased contractility / inotropic
  • Increased AV conduction / dromotropic
  • Increased automaticity / dromotropic

Question 11

Fentanyl

Answer 11

Combines with receptor in the brain to produce analgesic effects

Question 12

Glucagon

Answer 12

Increases blood glucose by converting glycogen stored in the liver to glucose

Question 13

Haloperidol

Answer 13

• Blocks dopamine receptors in the brain associated with mood and behavior
• Exerts strong antiemetic effects and impairs central thermoregulation

Question 14

Ipratroprium

Answer 14

Blocks acetylcholine at receptor sites on bronchial smooth muscle

Question 15

Lidocane

Answer 15

Sodium channel blocker

Question 16

Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 16

• CNS depressant

- Depressant of smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle

Question 17

Midazolam

Answer 17

• Intensifies activity of GABA

- Calms, relaxes skeletal muscles, and in high doses causes sleep

Question 18

Naloxone

Answer 18

Reverses effects of opioid overdose by occupying opiate receptor sites

Question 19

Nitroglycerine

Answer 19

• Relaxes systemic venous and arterial vessels causing vasodilatation
• Dilates coronary arteries

Question 20

Racemic Epinephrine

Answer 20

• Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, with a slight preference on beta 2 receptors
• Causes bronchodilation and a decrease in mucus secreation

Question 21

Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 21

A potent systemic antacid, raises the pH of blood by buffering excess hydrogen ions (acidosis)

Question 22

Methylprednisone Sodium

Answer 22

Decreases the inflammatory response

Question 23

Zofran

Answer 23

• Reduces the sensation to vomit

- Action not fully characterized

Question 24

Ketamine

Answer 24

Inhibition of NMDA receptors resulting in dissociate state