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Muscles > Actions > Flashcards

Actions Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

A

Head extension Ipsilateral (same side) head rotation

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2
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

A

Head extension at the

neck

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3
Q

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

A

Ipsilateral (same side) head rotation

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4
Q

Obliquus Capitis Superior

A

Head extension Ipsilateral (same side) head lateral flexion

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5
Q

Anterior Scalene (Scalenus anterior)

A

Neck flexion, Ipsilateral (same side) neck lateral flexion, Contralateral (opposite side) neck rotation, Elevates 1st & 2nd ribs

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6
Q

Middle Scalene (Scalenus Medius)

A

Ipsilateral (same side) neck lateral flexion, Elevates 1st & 2nd ribs

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7
Q

Posterior Scalene (Scalenus posterior)

A

Ipsilateral (same side) neck lateral flexion, Elevates 1st & 2nd ribs

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8
Q

External Intercostals

A

Elevates the ribs, aiding in normal inspiration

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9
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

Depresses the ribs, aiding in forced expiration

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10
Q

Subcostals

A

Depresses the ribs, aiding in normal inspiration

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11
Q

Transversus Thoracis

A

Draws the ribs downward, aiding in expiration

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

Expands the thoracic
cavity; Compresses the
abdominal cavity

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13
Q

Trapezius

A 
Upper - 
Elevates & upwardly rotates scap (during abduction of
humerus above horizontal – lower also contributes)
Middle - 
retracts scap 
Lower - 
Depresses scap 
Bilateral conctraction- 
extension of neck 
Uni contraction - 
laterally flexes head
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14
Q

Lattisimus Dorsi

A

Adduction of GH Joint
Medial (internal) Rot
Extension of shoulder
from flexed position

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15
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Elevates the scapula (medially and upward)

Laterally flexes the neck

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16
Q

Rhomboids (major and minor)

A

Retraction of scapula

elevates the scapula

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17
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

Elevates ribs II to V

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18
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A 
Depresses ribs IX to XII
and may prevent lower
ribs from being elevated
when the diaphragm
contracts
Draws the lower ribs
backward and
downward
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19
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

Bilateral -
supports the head in the erect position, draw head
backwards, extending neck
Unilateral -
draw & rotate head to one side (turn face to same side)

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20
Q

Splenius Cervicis

A

Bilateral -
supports the head in the erect position, extend neck
Unilateral -
draw head to one side & slightly rotates it, turning face to same side

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21
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Cervicis -
extends, laterally flexes, & aids in rotation of the neck
Thoracis -
extends, laterally flexes, aids in rotation of spine
Lumborum -
extends & laterally flexes & aids in rotation of spine, can depress the ribs

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22
Q

Longissimus

A 
Capitis - 
Bilateral - extend the head
Unilateral - bends the
head and turns it to face
the same side
Cevicis - 
extends and laterally flexes the spine
Thoracis - 
extends and laterally flexes the spine, aids in compression of the ribs
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23
Q

Spinalis

A 
Capitis - 
extends the head
Cervicis - 
extends the head
Thoracis - 
extends the spine
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24
Q

Semispinalis (all 3)

A

Bilateral - extend the
vertebral column, drawing head directly backwards
Unilateral -
draws the head to one side & rotates it so that the face is turned to the opposite side

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25
Q

Multifidus

A 
Stabilises the vertebrae
in local movements if
the vertebral column 
Bilateral - 
extend vertebral column
Unilateral - 
laterally flexes and contralaterally rotates vertebral column
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26
Q

Rotores

A

Extend and rotate the vertebral column (control of posture)

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27
Q

Interspinales

A 
Postural muscles that
stabilise adjoining
vertebrae during
movements of vertebral
column
Trunk extension
(control of posture)
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28
Q

Intertransversarii

A 
Postural muscles that
stabilise adjoining
vertebrae during
movements of vertebral
column
Trunk lateral (side)
flexion (control of
posture)
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29
Q

Levatores costarum (Breves & Longi)

A

Contraction elevates

thoracic cage

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30
Q

Pectoralis Major

A 
Flexion, adduction, and
medial rotation of arm
at GH joint
Clavicular head - 
flexion of extended arm
Sternocostal head - 
extension of flexed arm
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31
Q

Pecotralis Minor

A 
Depresses the scapula
(pulls tip of shoulder
down)
Protracts the scapula
Assists in forced
inspiration (elevates
ribs)
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32
Q

Serratus Anterior

A 
Protracts scapula
Upward rotation of scapula (glenoid cavity moves superiorly)
Holds scapula close to
thoracic the thoracic wall.
Elevates ribs when scapula is fixed
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33
Q

Subclavius

A

Depresses the clavicle down and forward

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34
Q

Deltoid

A 
All heads -
abduct the shoulder
Anterior - 
Flexion, Horizontal adduction, Medial rotation of
humerus
Middle - 
Abduction of humerus after initial 15°
Posterior - 
Extension, Horizontal Abduction (from 90° back), Lateral rotation
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35
Q

Teres Major

A

Medial (internal) Rot of humerus
Adduction of GH Joint
Assists in extension of the already flexed shoulder (not hyper extension)

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36
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Abduction of Glenohumeral joint (1st 15˚ when arm is
adducted at side).
Stabilise head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity

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37
Q

Infreaspinatus

A

Lateral (external) rotation of the arm at the GH joint

Stabilises head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity

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38
Q

Subscapularis

A

Medial (internal) rotation of the humerus at the GH joint

Prevents anterior displacement of the humerus/ Stabilises head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity.

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39
Q

Teres Minor

A

Lateral (external) rotation of the arm at the GH joint
Stabilises head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity
Assists in adduction of the shoulder
Assists in extension of shoulder (until neutral) when arm is in flexion

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40
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
Supination of the forearm
Accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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41
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Flexion of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, adduction of arm

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42
Q

Brachialis

A

Flexion at the elbow (forearm flexion)

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43
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Extension at the elbow

Long head can also extend and adduct the arm at the shoulder joint

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44
Q

Anconeus

A

Assists in elbow extension
Abduction of the ulna in
pronation

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45
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

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46
Q

Palmaris Longus

A 
Flexes wrist joint;
(because the palmar
aponeurosis anchors skin of the hand, contraction of the
muscle resists shearing
forces when gripping)
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47
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Wrist flexion and radial

deviation

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48
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Pronation

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49
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A 
Wrist and finger flexion
Flexes the proximal
interphalangeal joints of
the index, middle, ring, and little finger
Flexes metacarpophalangeal
joints of the same fingers
Flexes wrist joint
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50
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A 
Flexes all the
interphalangeal joints
(distal and proximal), of
the index, middle, ring
and little fingers.
Flexes
metacarpophalangeal
joints of the same
fingers.
Flexes wrist joint
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51
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Flexes the interphalangeal joint and the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

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52
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Pronation on hand

53
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Accessory flexor of elbow joint when forearm is midpronated

54
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Extend and radially deviates the wrist

55
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Extend and radially deviates the wrist

56
Q

Extensor Digit Minimi

A

Extends the little finger

57
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Ulnar deviates and extends the wrist

58
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

Extends the wrist and all
the fingers as a whole
Abduction of digits 2-5

59
Q

Supinator

A

Supination

60
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Accessory extensor of the thumb

61
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A 
Extends metacarpophalangeal
joint of the thumb
Can also extend the
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Abduction of wrist
62
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

Extends the interphalangeal joint of the thumb
Can also extend carpometacarpal and
metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb
Abduction of wrist

63
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

Extends index finger & wrist

64
Q

Thenar

  1. Opponens Pollicis
  2. Abducutor Pollicis Brevis
  3. Flexor Pollicis Brevis
A 
1-Medially rotates thumb & opposition of thumb
2-Abducts thumb at
metacarpophalangeal joint
3-Flexes thumb at
metacarpophalangeal joint
65
Q

Hypothenar

  1. Opponens Digiti Minimi
  2. Adbuctor Digiti Minimi
  3. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
A 
1-Laterally rotates
metacarpal V (opposition of digit 5 – across palm)
2-Abducts little finger at
metacarpophalangeal joint
3-Flexes little finger at
metacarpophalangeal joint
66
Q

Lumbricals

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal

joints while extending interphalangeal joints

67
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

Abduction of index, middle, & ring fingers at the

metacarpophalangeal joints

68
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

Adduction of the thumb, index, ring, & little fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joint

69
Q

Palmaris Brevis

A

Improves grip – folds the skin of the ulnar side of the palm

70
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A

Adducts thumb

71
Q

Iliotibial Band (ITB)

A

The ITB moves anteriorly and posteriorly with knee

flexion and extension

72
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

Stabilises the knee in extension

Abductor & internal rotator of the thigh

73
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Abducts femur at hip
joint
Holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents
pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking
Medially rotates thigh

74
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Abducts femur at hip
joint
Holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents
pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking
Medially rotates thigh

75
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Powerful extensor of flexed femur at hip joint
Lateral stabiliser of hip joint and knee joint
Laterally rotates and abducts thigh

76
Q

Piriformis

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint (when standing)
Abducts flexed femur at hip joint
Aids in tilting pelvis posteriorly by pulling the sacrum down towards the thigh

77
Q

Obturator Internus

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

Abducts flexed femur at hip joint

78
Q

Gemellus Superior

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

Abducts flexed femur at hip joint

79
Q

Gemellus Inferior

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

Abducts flexed femur at hip joint

80
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

Laterally rotates the femur at hip joint

81
Q

Psoas Major

A

Origin fixed - flexor of the thigh/hip
Insertion fixed - flexes the trunk, as in sitting up
Anteriorly tilts the pelvis
Unilateral - assists lateral flexion of the trunk

82
Q

Iliacus

A

Fixed Origin - Flexes the
thigh at the hip joint
Fixed Insertion - Flexes
the trunk as in sitting up

83
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

Extends the leg at the knee joint

84
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Extends the leg at the knee joint

85
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

Extends the leg at the knee joint

86
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and extends the leg at the knee joint

87
Q

Sartorius

A

Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint
Flexes, abducts & laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Flexes & medially (internally) rotates the leg at the knee

88
Q

Pectineus

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

at hip joint, and laterally rotates thigh

89
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

90
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Adducts and medially

rotates thigh at hip joint

91
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

Adducts and medially

rotates thigh at hip joint

92
Q

Obturator Externus

A

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and stabilises the pelvis

93
Q

Gracilis

A

Adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint, medially rotates knee

94
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

Flexes leg at knee joint
Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Laterally rotates leg at
knee joint

95
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip
joint
Medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint

96
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Flexes leg at knee joint
Extends thigh at hip joint
Medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint

97
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
Inversion of foot
Dynamic support of medial arch of foot

98
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot

99
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Extension of great toe, Inversion and dorsiflexion of foot

100
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius

A

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot at the ankle

101
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus

A

Eversion and plantarflexion of foot; supports arches of foot

102
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis

A

Plantar flexes and eversion (pronate) of foot

103
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Plantarflexes foot and flexes knee

104
Q

Plantaris

A

Flexes the knee and assists plantar flexion of foot

105
Q

Soleus

A

Plantarflexes the foot

106
Q

Popliteus

A

Unlocks and flexes the
knee
Stabilises knee joint (resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur)
Unlocks knee joint (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)

107
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Inversion & plantarflexion of foot; Support of medial arch
of foot during walkin

108
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

Flexes lateral four toes,

Inversion and plantarflexion of the foot

109
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

Flexes great toe

Inversion and plantarflexion of the foot

110
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

Extension of toes II to IV

111
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

Extension of metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

112
Q

Abductor Hallucis

A

Medial plantar nerve from the tibial nerve S1, S2, S3

113
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Flexes lateral four toes at proximal interphalangeal joint

114
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Abducts and flexes little toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint

115
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus tendon in flexing toes II to V

116
Q

Lumbricals

A

Flexion of metatarsophalangeal joint & extension of interphalangeal joints, PIP and DIP

117
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A 
Flexes metatarsophalangeal
(MTP) joint of the great toe
118
Q

Adductor Hallucis

A

Adducts great toe at

metatarsophalangeal joint

119
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Flexes little toe at

metatarsophalangeal joint

120
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

Flexes MTPs joints
Extends PIP & DIP joints
1st mms draw digit 2 medialward, towards digit 1
2nd mms draw digit 1
lateralward
3rd & 4th mms draw the 3rd and 4th digit in the
same direction

121
Q

Plantar Interossei

A

Adduct the 3rd, 4th & 5th digits
Flexors the MTPs joints
Extends the PIP joints & the DIP joints

122
Q

External Oblique

A

Bilateral -
Compresses abdomen and flexes the trunk (slight)
Unilateral -
each mms bends trunk to the same side (lateral flexion
trunk to same side), turning anterior part of abdomen to opposite side (rotates trunk to opposite side)

123
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Bilateral -
compresses abdominal viscera and flexes the trunk (slight)
Unilateral -
laterally flexes and rotates the spine to the same side

124
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A

Compress abdominal
contents
Tenses abdominal wall

125
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A 
Compress abdominal
viscera
Flexes vertebral column
(trunk)
Tense abdominal wall
126
Q

Pyramidalis

A

Tenses the linea alba

127
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Depresses rib 12
Unilateral -
raises (elevates) pelvis, helps with lumbar spine lateral flexion, and acts as a major stabiliser of the lumbar spine

128
Q

Psoas Minor

A

Weak flexor of trunk
(weak flexion of lumbar
vertebral column)

129
Q

Thoraco lumbar fascia (TLF)

A

The TLF is a critical part of a myofascial girdle that surrounds the lower portion of the torsi, playing a role in stabilisation (assists in supporting the vertebral column when it is flexed by developing fascial tension that helps control the abdominal wall) and load transfer (integrating load transfer between different regions)

Muscles (3 decks)

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