Actions Flashcards
Adenosine
-Slows electrical conductivity through AV node
Albuterol
- Activates the beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax smooth muscle
- Bronchodilation, relieves bronchospasms, and reduces airway resistance
Amiodarone
- Prolongs duration of action potential and effective refractory period
- Includes noncompetitive beta-adrenoreceptor and calcium channel blocker activity
Aspirin
- Interrupts Thromboxone A2 (TA2)
- Inhibits prostaglandins
Atropine Sulfate
- Competes with acetylcholine receptor sites at SA and AV nodes
- Increases heart rate by increasing conduction at SA and AV nodes
- Inhibits secretions by decreasing PNS on bronchial, salivary, sweat and GI glands
Brethine
- Causes effects of beta 2
- Has some effects on beta 1
Calcium Gluconate
Cardioprotective agent in hyperkalemia
Cardizem
- Slows conduction at AV node
- Causes coronary and peripheral vasodilation
Detrose 50%
Increase blood glucose by providing free sugar quickly released into the blood stream
Diazepam
- Increases the effect of gamma - aminyobutyvic acid (GAMA)
- Acts on the CNS to raise the seizure threshold in the motor cortex
- Causes amnesia
Diphenhydramine
Binds to histamine receptor sites, suppressing histamine induced allergic symptoms
Dopamine
- At low and medium doses beta effects, mostly inotropic
- At medium to high dose alpha and beta effects
- At high doses alpha effects
Epi 1:1000
- Bronchodilation (beta 2)
- Vasocontriction (alpha)
- On the heart (beta-1):
- Increased heart rate / chronotropic
- Increased contractility / inotropic
- Increased AV conduction / dromotropic
- Increased automaticity / dromotropic
Epi 1:10,000
- Bronchodilation (beta 2)
- Vasocontriction (alpha)
- On the heart (beta-1):
- Increased heart rate / chronotropic
- Increased contractility / inotropic
- Increased AV conduction / dromotropic
- Increased automaticity / dromotropic
Etomidate
Exact measure is unknown but appears to have GABA effects
Fentanyl
Combines with receptor in the brain to produce analgesic effects
Flumazenil
Decreases the effect of GABA
Furosemide
Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride primarily in Loop of Henle and also in proximal and distal renal tubules
Glucagon
Increases blood glucose by converting glycogen stored in the liver to glucose
Haloperidol
- Blocks dopamine receptors in the brain associated with mood and behavior
- Exerts strong antiemetic effects and impairs central thermoregulation
Ipratroprium
Blocks acetylcholine at receptor sites on bronchial smooth muscle
Lidocane
Sodium channel blocker
Lorazepam
- Enhances the effects of GABA
- Effects: anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant
Magnesium Sulfate
- CNS depressant
- Depressant of smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle
Mannitol
Causes a fluid shift in the brain, pulls the fluid into the vascular space and causes it to be urinated off (diuretic effect)
Metoclopramide
- Elevation of Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ) threshhold
- Sensitizes GI smooth muscle to effects of acetylcholine by direct action
Metoprolol
Blocks beta-1 receptor sites causing:
- Decresed HR
- Decreased cardiac output
- Decrease BP
Midazolam
- Intensifies activity of GABA
- Calms, relaxes skeletal muscles, and in high doses causes sleep
Morphine Sulfate
- CNS depressant acting on opiate receptors in the brain
- Potent pain reliever and sedative
- Relaxes respiratory effort
Naloxone
Reverses effects of opioid overdose by occupying opiate receptor sites
Nitroglycerine
- Relaxes systemic venous and arterial vessels causing vasodilatation
- Dilates coronary arteries
Opthaine
Blocks the pain receptors in the eye
Oxytocin
Stimulates uterine contractions
Procainamide
- Increases duration of the refractory period
- Depresses the excitability of the myocardium to electrical stimulation, and reduces conduction velocity in the atria, ventricles, His-Purkinje system
Promethazine
- Takes away the sensation to vomit by antagonizing H1 receptors
- Possible depressor of Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ) in medulla
Racemic Epinephrine
- Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, with a slight preference on beta 2 receptors
- Causes bronchodilation and a decrease in mucus secreation
Sodium Bicarbonate
A potent systemic antacid, raises the pH of blood by buffering excess hydrogen ions (acidosis)
Methylprednisone Sodium
Decreases the inflammatory response
Succinylcholine
Works on skeletal muscle, blocks voluntary muscles
Thiamine
Necessary for carbohydrate metabolism (helps breakdown sugar)
Vecuronium Bromide
Inhibits neuromuscular transmission by competitive binding with acetylcholine to motor receptors
Verapamil
- Inhibits calcium ion influx through slow channels into cell of myocardial and arterial smooth muscle
- Decreases and slows SA and AV node
Zofran
- Reduces the sensation to vomit
- Action not fully characterized
Ketamine
Inhibition of NMDA receptors resulting in dissociate state
