Action Theories Flashcards
Schultz
(Phenomenology)
. Categories and concepts we use aren’t unique to ourselves - shared with other members of society
Husserl
(Phenomenology)
Argue world only makes sense because we impose meaning and order on it
World as we know it is a product of our mind
Berger and Luckman
(Phenomenology)
Reject Schutz view - although reality is socially constructed, it takes on a life of its own and becomes external reality
Garfinkel
(Ethnomenonlogy)
Social order is constructed from the bottom up - something members of society construct using comman sense
EM is interested in methods/rules we use to produce meanings
Craib
(Criticism of Ethnomenology)
Findings by ethnomethodologists are trivial - never seem to surprise anyone
. Ignores wider structures of power/inequality affect meanings constructed
Weber
(Social Action)
Believes human behaviour can only be understood if you know level of cause/meaning
1. Instrumentally rational action
2. Value rational action
3. Traditional action
4. Affectual action
Giddens
(Structure and Action)
Structuration Theory
. structure and action cannot exist without eachother
. actions produce/reproduce structures, while structures make our actions possible
Archer
(Structure and Action)
Giddens underestimates the capacity of structures to resist change
Craib
(Structure and Action)
Structure and action isn’t really a theory - describes what we will find when we study society
Mead
(Symbolic Interactionism)
Taking the role of the other
> humans gain meaning through taking role of the other.
> as we get older - see ourselves from anybody/everybody else - the generalised other
Blumer
(Symbolic Interactionism)
- Actions are based on meanings
- Meanings arise from interaction process
- Meanings we give are result of interpretive procedures
