Action Potential and Cell Membrane Transport Flashcards
Review concepts and materials for Physiology Exam 1
What type of molecules can easily pass through the cell membrane?
- nonpolar molecules such as O2, fatty acids and hydrocarbons.
- small uncharged molecules, such as O₂can pass too but more slowly
Why is the cell membrane considered mosaic?
because of the diverse protein molecules in the the phospholipid membrane.
What type of molecules can not pass freely across the cell membrane?
large polar molecules and ions such as proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids.
Concentration of sodium is high inside or outside of the cell?
Na⁺ is high outside the cell
Concentration of potassium is high inside or outside of the cell?
K⁺ is high inside the cell
Peripheral proteins are attached loosely to the cell membrane by what type of interaction?
electrostatic interaction
What type of interaction do integral proteins keep them imbedded in the cell membrane?
hydrophobic interactions
What is the function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane
makes membrane less permeable tp small molecules and prevents hydrocarbon chains from connecting
What carbohydrate chains also acts as marker of the plasma membrane?
glycoproteins and glyolipids
Where can lipid rafts be found in the plasma membrane?
In areas where there are lots of protein and cholesterol stuck close together.
Does facilitated diffusion require ATP?
no, it is able to go down the concentration gradient, it just requires a carrier.
Osmoles
another name for solutes
Cell tonicity
cell’s ability to gain or lose water
hypertonic solution
solution with high solutes
hypotonic solution
solution with low solutes
