Acquisition to Retrieval

Question 1

Encoding Specificity

Answer 1

Tendency to place materials being learned and aspects of the context into memory. As a result, materials will appear familiar later when they appear in the same context.

Question 2

Implicit Memory

Answer 2

No realisation that prior experience is influencing current behaviour (eg priming effects).

Question 3

Familiarity

Answer 3

Individual feels as if they have encountered a stimulus before but cannot recall when or where. This can influence current behaviour.
Support: Activation of rhinal cortex, priming, false fame research.
Limitations: individual is unaware of where their memory came from.

Question 4

Process of Familiarity

Answer 4

Stimulus has been seen before
Now faster at processing stimulus
Recognise the increase in processing speed
Establish why processing was faster
Draw conclusions about where/when stimulus was encountered

Question 5

False Fame Research

Answer 5

List of names presented then later given another list and asked to rate how famous each person is. Names that were on the first list were rated as being famous even though they weren’t, simply because they had been seen before.

Question 6

Source Memory

Answer 6

A form of memory that allows an individual to recall where and when they first encountered the information or stimulus.
Support: activation of hippocampus, Capgras Syndrome
Limitations: can’t explain experiences that seem familiar but can’t be recalled.

Question 7

Capgras Syndrome

Answer 7

Individual recognises people they know but deny that they are who they appear to be (no familiarity). Insist that their loved ones are imposters.

Question 8

Spreading Activation Theory

Answer 8

Memory is a vast network of ideas (nodes). Nodes are connected by associative links. When a node is activated, it fires and sends the activation to surrounding nodes, spreading the activation.
Support: retrieval cues, priming, context reinstatement
Limitations: can lead to memory errors, people can choose where to start and end activation

Question 9

Context Reinstatement

Answer 9

Individual is lead to the same state they were in during a previous event. This can aid recall of the event.

Question 10

Explicit Memory

Answer 10

Remembering a specific prior event or information.
Episodic - events
Semantic - general knowledge

Question 11

Amnesia

Answer 11

Disruption to memory as a result of brain damage.

Retrograde < ACCIDENT> Anterograde