Acquired Immunity

Question 1

List four characteristics of acquired immunity

Answer 1

1: specific
2: has a diversity of recognition molecules
3: has immunological memory
4: has self/non-self recognition

Question 2

Cells involved in Acquired immunity?

Answer 2

Lymphocytes

Antigen- presenting cells

Question 3

Describe the function of Primary lymphoid organs and Secondary lymphoid organs.

Answer 3

Primary: location where lymphocytes mature

Secondary: location where lymphocytes interact with trapped antigen and the mature now larger lymphobasts have a site to interact with antigens

Question 4

B-Lymphocytes
Location
Function
Cell Surface Molecules

Answer 4

Located in bone marrow of mammals

Function: recognize ONLY extracellular microbes & synthesize soluble and specific antibodies
they constantly divide and differentiate into plasma cells

Cell Surface Molecules:

• -Immunoglobulin: antigen binding site
• -MHC II: allows cell to be antigen presenting
• -

Question 5

What do B-lymphocytes differentiate into?

Answer 5

they divide repeatedly and differentiate into plasma cells.

Question 6

T-Lymphocytes
Location
Function
Cell Surface Molecules

Answer 6

Located in the thymus

Function is intracellular recognition of microbes/pathogens. They facilitate a response in infected cells and cause termination of infected cells

Cell Surface Molecules:
T-cell receptors allow for recognition of antigens only produced by self molecule, encoded by a gene from MHC
CD3: allows for association with other T-cells

Question 7

what does MHC stand for

Answer 7

Major Histocompatability Complex

Question 8

Further explain the role of Helper T cells

• cell surface molecules
• differentiates to
• function
• two types

Answer 8

Cell Surface Molecule– CD4 (recognize antigens of MHC II

Replicates to form – effector cells (MHC II specific)

Function: 
secrete cytokines (proteins responsible for cell to cell signaling) which activate B cells and Tc cells

T-H-1: activates Tc & macrophages
T-H-2: activate B-cells

Question 9

Further explain the role of Cytotoxic T-cells

• cell surface molecules
• function
• differentiate into

Answer 9

Cell Surface Molecules: T-cell receptors to recognize antigen-MHC I of altered cells

Function: induce termination in altered cells, can recognize intracellular microbes/pathogens invasions which cause foreign peptides to be presented on cell membrane
are activated by interaction with antigens-MHC I on affected cell surface and cytokines.

Differentiate into cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes

Question 10

B-cell Cell Surface Molecules

Answer 10

Immunoglobulin: antigen binding site

MHC II- allows to be antigen presenting cells

Question 11

T-cells Cell Surface Molecules
…Helper
…Cytotoxic

Answer 11

CD3- allow for association with T-cells 
Helper 
     CD4-recognize antigens of MHC 
Cytotoxic
     T-cell receptors- to recognize altered cells and tag for termination

Question 12

Further describe T Regulatory cells

Answer 12

these cells carry Helper T-cell markers to suppress immune response

Question 13

Humoral Immunity means …

Answer 13

antibody mediated immune response … B-cells & T-cells