ACP Flashcards
Jaccoud arthropathy is related with which rheum Dx
SLE
Gottrens
Know pic
Chlamydia screening age
25 or younger
Cervix looked red but it’s normal finding
Cervical ectopy
Valvular lichen sclerosis predisposed to
Valvular SCc
First line drug to reduce PMS
SSRI
Incontincne associated with sudden urge to void
Urge incontinence
Hypokalemia ecg finding
A bother peak after the main qrs - U wave
Increased amplitude and width of the P wave
Prolongation of the PR interval
T wave flattening and inversion
ST depression
Prominent U waves (best seen in the precordial leads)
Apparent long QT interval due to fusion of the T and U waves (= long QU interval)
Commonest cause of tricuspid regurge
Pul HTN
WPW ECG
upward sloping before QRS
Cause of coronary arthritis in children
Kawasaki
STD associated with aortic aneurysms
Syphilis
Skin lesion that is devoid of melanocytes and intraepidermal melanin pigment
A: Vitiligo
Characteristically associated with “spaghetti and meatball” pattern on KOH preparation of scal
Tinea versicolor
Name of rash associated with acute rheumatic fever
Erythema marginatum
Eponym for a pustular neutrophilic dermatitis, fever, arthritis, and leukocytosis
Sweet syndrome
Initial drug therapy for pituitary apoplexy
Corticosteroid therapy
Physical examination finding in adolescent female that confirms estrogen production
Breast development
Diabetic complication caused by progressive loss of epinephrine and glucagon response to hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemic unawareness
Antibody most commonly associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis
Thyroid peroxidase antibody
Diagnosis associated with microcalcifications within a thyroid nodule
Papillary carcinoma
Bone disease associated with aromatase inhibitors
Osteopenia and osteoporosis (either)
Condition characterized by persistent rhinitis in the setting of chronic use of nasal decongestant
Rhinitis medicamentosa
Neuraminidase inhibitor that is contraindicated in asthma
Zanamivir
Class of drug associated with the development of compulsive behaviors
Dopamine agonist (accept bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinirole)
Skin disease that is an FDA-approved indication for thalidomide
Erythema nodosum leprosum (accept leprosy)
Common inotropic drug that causes ST-segment depression
Digoxin
Congenital valve disorder associated with aortic coarctation
Bicuspid aortic valve
Class of antihypertensive drug associated with increased risk of CHF
Alpha-blockers
Vasculitis associated with IgA immune-complex deposition
Henoch-Schönlein purpura
The most common residua after repair of tetralogy of Fallot
Pulmonary valve regurgitation
Auditory complication of acute salicylate poisoning
Tinnitus or deafness (either one)
Urine crystals (mineral) associated with ethylene glycol poisoning
Calcium oxalate crystals
Cause of histotoxic hypoxia due to mitochondria poisoning
Hydrogen cyanide
Fish most commonly responsible for scombrotoxic fish poisoning
Tuna, mackerel, bonito, and skipjack (any 1)
Probable poisoning responsible for “mad as a hatter” syndrome in Alice in Wonderland
Mercury poisoning
Rheumatologic syndrome associated with Yersinia enterocolitica
Reactive arthritis (accept Reiter syndrome)
Diagnosis for lateral hip pain that worsens with resisted abduction of the hip
trochanteric bursitis
Disease associated with subcutaneous calcium deposits under pressure surfaces
Scleroderma
Name of deforming but nonerosive arthropathy associated with SLE
Jaccoud arthropathy
A psoriasis-like skin lesion on palms and soles associated with reactive arthritis
Keratoderma blennorrhagicum
Recommended colon cancer screening interval with flexible sigmoidoscopy for average risk individuals
Every 5 years
Liver disease associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus, thyroiditis, and celiac sprue
Autoimmune hepatitis
The most common nonmalignant hepatic tumor
Follicular nodular hyperplasia
Most likely diagnosis in this patient with abdominal pain
Necrotizing pancreatitis (accept pancreatitis)
Malabsorption syndrome associated with increased risk for intestinal lymphoma
Celiac disease (accept Crohn disease)
Mechanism of acute varicocele associated with renal carcinoma
Obstruction of the testicular vein
Monoclonal antibody that reduces mortality in early-stage, HER2-positive breast cancer
Trastuzumab
The infectious agent causing nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Epstein-Barr Virus
Tumor associated with severe, watery diarrhea, flushing, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, and hyperglycemia
Vasoactive intestinal peptide tumor
Vitamin deficiency syndrome associated with carcinoid syndrome
Pellagra (accept niacin, vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid deficiency)
Eponym for retracting the knees to the chest when neck is flexed
Brudzinski sign
Neurodegenerative disease associated with micrographia
Parkinson disease
Physical finding on back of the hand that is associated with bulimia
Calluses, scarring or ulceration over dorsum of hand (accept any one)
Anterior midline mass that moves upward with the tongue is protruded
Thyroglossal cyst
Physical examination sign defined as spinal or limb paresthesias elicited by neck flexion
Lhermitte sign
Chronic anovulation results in this endometrial change
Endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy (accept either)
Amsel criteria are used to diagnose this disorder
Bacterial vaginosis
Diagnosis suggested by dyspareunia and punctate ulcers around the Bartholin glands
Vulvar vestibulitis
Diagnosis for febrile illness characterized by a vesicular eruption involving the mouth, hands, and feet
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (accept Enterovirus infection)
Non-gastrointestinal complication of E. coli O157:H7 infection
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (accept TTP) or reactive arthritis (accept Reiter syndrome)
Source of rabies in US patients without obvious inoculation
Bats
Name of syphilitic lesions in intertriginous areas characterized by moist, white plaques
Condylomata lata
Infection classically associated with hemorrhagic mediastinitis
Anthrax
Genitourinary source of this cellular structure found in the urine
Glomerulus (dysmorphic erythrocytes)
Most common condition responsible for pseudohyponatremia
Hyperlipidemia and multiple myeloma (either answer)
Cause of proteinuria in young healthy male with normal BP, creatinine, BUN and microscopic urinalysis
Orthostatic proteinuria
Most common cardiac valve abnormality associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Mitral valve prolapse
Diagnosis for these urine crystals
Struvite (accept triple phosphate)
Name for zone of ischemic, viable brain tissue following an ischemic stroke
Ischemic penumbra or watershed
Common name for syndrome characterized by quadriplegia and paralysis of horizontal eye movements
Locked in syndrome
Anatomical location of the lesion responsible for internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Diagnosis for dementing syndrome characterized primarily by impairment of interpersonal and executive function
Frontotemporal dementia
CSF protein 14-3-3 is associated with this condition
Creutzfeldt-Jacob dementia
Part of the macula that is the point of visual fixation
FOVEA
Mechanism by which topical beta-blockers reduce intraocular pressur
Reduction of aqueous humor secretion
Agent causing conjunctivitis and umbilicated papular lesions on lid margins
Molluscum contagiosum
Meaning of metamorphopsia
Seeing wavy or distorted lines
Physical examination hallmark of endophthalmitis
Hypopyon (accept pus in anterior chamber)
Pickwickian syndrome refers to this condition
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Stage 2 chest x-ray findings in sarcoidosis
Adenopathy plus infiltrates
Antibody implicated in TRALI syndrome
Antileukocytic antibody
Name of memory disturbance associated with GABA agonists for sleep
Anterograde amnesia
The most specific symptom of narcolepsy
Cataplexy
Diagnosis for nonseasonal rhinitis and negative allergy skin tests
Vasomotor rhinitis
Disease associated with Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
Syphilis
Congential immune deficiency syndrome classically associated with recurrent infection with encapsulated bacteria
Common variable immunodeficiency
Immune disease associated with abnormal nitroblue tetrazolium dye test
Chronic granulomatous disease
Eponym describing urticarial lesions that worsen when stroked
Darier sign
Diagnosis for this specific form of psoriasis
Plaque psoriasis
Diagnosis characterized by flushing and persistent central facial erythema
Rosacea
Blistering disease associated with intercellular antibody and complement deposition
Pemphigus vulgaris
Psoriatic genial lesions associated with reactive arthritis
Circinate balanitis
Diagnosis associated with elevated LDL, tendinous xanthoma, and family history of early cardiovascular death
Familial hypercholesterolemia (or, type 2)
Hypoglycemic drug that decreases GI absorption of carbohydrates
Acarbose
Provocative test to assess estrogen status in secondary amenorrhea
Progestogen challenge
Syndrome of gynecomastia, small testes, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
Klinefelter syndrome
Pituitary disorder associated with colon polyps and colon cancer
Acromegaly
rimary therapy for common variable immunodeficiency
Immunoglobulin replacement therapy
Immune deficiency that poses risk of allergic reaction to transfused plasma
IgA deficiency
Type of physical urticaria that means “to write on the skin”
Dermographism (accept dermatographism)
Drug class used to prevent recurrences of angioedema in patients with hereditary angioedema
Androgens (also accept synthetic 17-alpha alkylated androgens, or danazol, stanozolol oxandrolone, oxymetholone, methyltestosterone)
Drug for epinephrine refractory anaphylaxis in patients taking beta-blockers
Glucagon
Diagnosis for asymptomatic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and normal hemoglobin and liver chemistry tests
Gilbert disease
Most common physical examination finding associated with Barrett esophagus
Obesity (accept BMI > 25)
Alternative medication to antibiotics in mild traveler’s diarrhea
Bismuth subsalicylate
Restricted drug for irritable bowel syndrome associated with ischemic colitis
Alosetron
Drug class that decreases the risk of cholecystitis in acute biliary colic
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Drug causing von Willebrand factor to be released from storage sites
Desmopressin (accept DDAVP, arginine vasopressin)
A two-gene defect [(–/–), (α/α)] produces this thalassemia variant
α-thalassemia
Blood banking procedure to prevent primary alloimmunization to HLA antigens
Leukocyte reduction (accept Leukopore filter)
Drug treatment for erythromelalgia
Aspirin
Diagnosis for IgM antibodies directed against RBC I/i antigens
Cold agglutinin disease
Common drug that exacerbates chronic idiopathic urticaria
ASPIRIN//NSAIDS
Name of syndrome associated with this finding and gastrointestinal bleeding
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome)
Topical drug treatment for superficial basal cell carcinoma
Imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil (either acceptable)
Most frequent side-effect of isotretinoin
Dry lips and eyes (accept dry skin)
Syndrome of familial hypercalcemia and low urine calcium level
Familial benign hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (accept familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia)
Diagnosis in a hyperosmolar patient with an elevated level of arginine vasopressiN
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Isthmus of thyroid gland is inferior to this cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Best drug class to restore fertility in women with prolactinoma
Dopamine agonist (accept bromocriptine or cabergoline)
Mechanism of type 1 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis
Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis
The ossicles conduct vibration from the ear drum to this structure
Cochlea
Endolymphatic hydrops is associated with this disease
M?ni?re disease
Condition associated with otoliths in semicircular canal
Benign positional vertigo
Eponym for acute onset of interstitial keratitis and vestibuloauditory dysfunction
Cogan syndrome
environmental cause of auricular calcification
Frostbite (accept hypothermia, cold exposure)
Device that reduces afterload and increases coronary perfusion
Intra-aortic balloon pump
MI location most commonly associated with papillary muscle rupture
Inferior wall
ECG diagnosis for patient with chest pain (diffuse ST elevation)
pericarditis
First-line drug for congenital long QT syndrome
β-blocker
Mechanism responsible for the pacemaker syndrome
Atrioventricular dyssynchrony (accept dyssynchrony)
Anatomical location of pancreatic cancer associated with obstructive jaundice
Head of pancreas
Second most common cause of cancer death in the U.S.
Colorectal cancer
Surgical intervention associated with increased risk of renal cancer
Renal transplantation
Stage classification for a patient with small-cell lung cancer involving both lungs
Extensive (accept stage IV)
A tripartite benign tumor composed of blood vessel, muscle, and fat elements
Angiomyolipoma (accept hamartoma)
Device that prevents 50% of unintentional carbon monoxide poisonings
Carbon monoxide detector
Time after acetaminophen overdose when aminotransferase levels begin to rise
: 36 hours (accept any answer within 24 to 72 hours range)
Cause of bright red venous blood due to mitochondria poisoning
Hydrogen cyanide
Acute metal exposure associated with abdominal colic, headache, and fatigue
Lead
Stimulation of this parasympathetic receptor produces salivation, bronchorrhea, and bronchospasm
Muscarinic
DISEASE most associated with digit ulceration
Systemic sclerosis (accept scleroderma)
First-line drug class to reduce PMS symptoms
SSRIs (accept a member drug within class)
Neurominidase inhibitor causing broncospasm
Zanamivir
Antibiotics for UTI causing elevated Cr and hyperkalemia
Septra. Trimethoprim K sparing hyper k. The sulfa portion look like glcazide can cause hypoglycemia
Pressor antagonist for SIADH
Conivaptan or tolvaptan
Anti TB med can lower OCP
Rifampin
Nib
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Fever pneumonia is colitis in transplant pts
CMV
Rabies treatment in preg
Amox
Thalidomide uses
Leprosy and antiemetic (no longer used )
Direct renin inhibitor
Aliskiren - don’t use bc increase mortality
B12 def sym triggered by anesthetic agent
Nitrous oxide
Rheumatoid arthritis complication producing pain in the arms, hyperreflexia, and hypertonia
Atlantoaxial sublux
Painless do dual palmar hand
Duprtren
Vasculitis renal aneurysm
Pan
Sup vena cava syndrome Dx
CT contrast
Most common cancer causing jaundice and palpable gallbladder
Pancreatic
Bisphosphonate infusion side effect of jaw
Osteonecrosis of jaw (exposed alveolar bone) also atypical fracture
Breast ca brain tumor leukemia
Li-fraumeni
Name of fever exaggerate q 48h
Tertian fever (every 3rd d caused by rbc lysis by parasites)
Austin flint murmur
Aortic murmur
Vasculitis associated with antiglomerular memb ab
Good pasture
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the U.S
Gallstones
Diagnostic test of choice for Zenker diverticulum
Barium swallow
Non-malignant diagnosis associated with dysphagia for solids and liquids and regurgitation
Achalasia
Enzyme deficiency in Gilbert syndrome
Glucuronosyltransferase
Gene mutation associated with familial adenomatous polyposis
APC gene
fat and empty space in bone marrow
Aplastic anemia
Name the most common anatomical site for occurrence of warfarin skin necrosis
Limbs and breasts (accept either answer)
Treatment for ITP that is used only in Rh(+) patients
Anti-Rho(D) = rogam
A metalloproteinase that cleaves large multimers of von Willebrand factor
ADAMTS 13
Diagnosis associated with anion gap acidosis, osmolar gap, and urinary calcium oxalate crystals
Ethylene glycol poisoning
Gas poisoning associated with flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages
Carbon monoxide
Alcohol poisoning associated with increased osmolar gap but a normal anion gap
Isopropyl alcohol
Fish responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning
Groupers, parrot fish, snappers, mackerel, moray eels, and barracudas (name only 1)
Cause of red, hot, painful ears and saddle nose deformity
Relapsing polychondritis
Treatment for familial Mediterranean fever
Colchicine
in patients with chronic limb pain, measurement of skin temperature helpful to establish this diagnosis
Complex regional pain syndrome (accept reflex sympathetic dystrophy and causalgia)
Characterized by pain, numbness, and tingling in the forefoot, aggravated by high heel shoes
Morton neuroma
Diagnosis for normal blood pressure, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and elevated renin and aldosterone levels
Bartter syndrome
Treatment of scleroderma renal crisis and serum creatinine >3 mg/dL
ACE inhibitor (accept specific ACE inhibitor)
Characterized by glycosuria, phosphaturia, aminoaciduria, and tubular proteinuria
Proximal (type 2) renal tubular acidosis (accept Fanconi syndrome)
Renal vascular disease associated with this finding on angiography (beeding or renal artery)
Fibromuscular disease (accept Fibromuscular dysplasia)
Recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for inhalational anthrax
60d
Treatment of first recurrence of mild C. difficile colitis
metronidazole
Shock syndrome caused by bacterial exotoxins that act as superantigen
Toxic shock syndrome
Tropical zoonosis associated with hemorrhage, abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly and this finding [ image ] red sclera/eye white sparing a ring of white around the iris watery eyes
Leptospirosis
Infection associated with this erythrocyte inclusion (four dots in RBC)
Babesioses
Eponym for criteria used to diagnose acute rheumatic fever
jone’s criteria
Name for cutaneous sarcoidosis characterized by red indurated papules, plaques, or nodules on the central face
Lupus pernio
Split urine collection (daytime and nighttime) used to diagnose this condition
Orthostatic (accept positional) proteinuria
Diagnosis suggested by serum potassium of 7.0 meq/L and this ECG
VPseudohyperkalemia
Multiple myeloma type typically associated with low anion gap
IgG myeloma
An ulcerative form of impetigo
Ecthyma
This parasitic cutaneus infection is transmitted by the sandfly
Leishmaniasis
Painful condition of the axillary, inguinal, and perianal areas with bid nodules/lumps
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Develops after infection with β-hemolytic Streptococcus
Guttate psoriasis
Eponym describing the ability to laterally extend bullae by application of pressure
Asboe-Hansen sign (accept indirect Nikolsky sign or Nikolsky II sign)
bilateral auricular inflammation
Relapsing polychondritis (accept polychondritis)
Most likely genetic cause of findings indicated by the arrows - osteophites in MCP
hemachromatosis
SLE complication characterized by acute leg paralysis, bladder and bowel dysfunction
Transverse myelitis
Name of test associated with these findings 48 hours following 5 insertions of a sterile needle [ image 5 red spots on forearm）
Pathergy test for becet
Diagnosis for ankle pain and periosteal new bone formation
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
Aquired bone disease associated with hearing loss
paget disease
Most common extra-articular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis
Acute anterior uveitis
rbc in ant chamber
hyphema
skin necrosis following eating raw oysters
Vibrio vulnificus
Most likely diagnosis bronchoalveolar lavage finding of transparent long worms
Strongyloides stercoralis (accept Strongyloides)
Eponym for test to detect abnormal lacrimal gland function with tear test strips
schimer test
: Spondyloarthropathy associated with this finding of back skin ulceration
Reactive spondyloarthropathy (accept Reiter syndrome)
Diagnosis for woody induration of extremities, sparing hands and face, and absent Raynaud phenomenon
Eosinophilic fasciiti
Crystals associated with highly destructive osteoarthritis including “Milwaukee shoulder”
Basic calcium phosphate (accept hydroxyapatite)
Condition significantly associated with high titers of anti-U1-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies
Mixed connective tissue disease
Indicated pulmonary test for patient with this disorder ear thickened??
Flow volume loop
Form of scleroderma presenting as localized indurated plaques
morphea
malar rash belongs to which type of lupus
acute cutanous lupus
A noninflammatory disease associated with calcification and ossification of spinal ligaments and of peripheral entheses
dish
Syndrome of entrapment of the median nerve in the proximal forearm where it passes through the pronator teres muscle
pronator teres syndrome
ENT complication shared by primary atrophic rhinosinusitis, relapsing polychondritis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Saddle nose deformity
