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Audiological Techniques 2 > Acoustic Reflexes > Flashcards

Acoustic Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the muscle that causes the acoustic reflex?

A

The Stapedius muscle

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2
Q

What is the first nerve an acoustic reflex must pass through?

A

The 8th Auditory Nerve

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3
Q

What is the acoustic reflex?

A

A muscle contraction that stiffens the ossiclar chain via the Stapedius tendon - changing the ears immittance allowing low frequency sounds through the middle ear

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4
Q

What is the norm acoustic reflex for adults?

A

Occurs for loud sounds about 85dB

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5
Q

What does Ipsilateral measure?

A

Probe & measurement presented in the same ear

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6
Q

What does Contralateral measure?

A

Sound delivered to one ear with the measuring probe in the opposite ear

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7
Q

What disorders can an acoustic reflex identify?

A

•Conductive disorders
•Cochlear pathology
•Brainstem pathology
•NVIII tumours
•NVII facial nerve pathology

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8
Q

What are the 2 extra cautionary contraindications for performing acoustic reflexes compared to tympanometry?

A

•individuals with tinnitus/hyperacusis/known recruitment (do not test above 90dBHL
•certain drugs and alcohol

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the reflex?

A

• protects the inner ear from loud sounds
• identify stimulus in background noise
• attenuate low frequency body noise
• extend dynamic range of hearing & reduce the upward spread of masking
• occurs when vocalising - helping to attenuate sounds reaching inner ear by up to 20dB

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10
Q

What nerve controls the Stapedius muscle?

A

7th Facial nerve

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11
Q

What nerve controls the Tensor Tympani?

A

5th trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

What measurements will be affected with a Conductive Hearing Loss?

A

Ipsilateral reflexes will be ABSENT
Contralateral reflexes will be ELEVATED or ABSENT

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13
Q

What measurements will be affected with a mild SNHL?

A

<50dBHL 90% chance a reflex will be present
50dB-80dBHL then likely reflexes are ELEVATED
(i.e., R Ipsilateral & R Contralateral)

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14
Q

What measurements will be affected with profound SNHL?

A

Reflexes are likely to be ABSENT
(I.e., R Ipsilateral & R Contralateral)

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15
Q

What measurements are affected with Intra-axial brainstem pathology?

A

Contralateral reflexes are ABSENT

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16
Q

What measurements are affected with Facial Nerve Pathology?

A

Reflexes where probe is on affected side will be absent
(i.e., Stapedius muscle on left impaired) so Left ipsilateral and Right Contralateral will be ABSENT

17
Q

What muscles are involve in the Acoustic reflex?

A

Stapedius muscle and Tensor tympani muscle

18
Q

What is the minimum change in acoustic admittance needed for an acoustic reflex threshold?

A

0.02ml

Audiological Techniques 2 (6 decks)

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