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Dermatology > Acne > Flashcards

Acne Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is acne?

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units

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2
Q

What is the pathogenesis of acne?

A

Poral occlusion
Bacterial colonisation of duct (P acnes)
Dermal inflammation
Increased sebum production

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3
Q

What are closed microcomedones more commonly called?

A

Whiteheads

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4
Q

What are open microcomedones more commonly called?

A

Blackheads

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5
Q

Give 3 reasons for an increase in sebum production related to androgen?

A

Increased production
Increased availability
Increased responsiveness

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6
Q

What is the most common bacteria to affect acne?

A

Propionobacterium acnes (now called Cutibacterium acnes)

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7
Q

Describe mild acne?

A

Scattered papule and pustules

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8
Q

Describe moderate acne?

A

Numerous papules, pustules and mild atrophic scarring

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9
Q

Describe severe acne?

A

As with moderate acne as well as cysts, nodules and significant scarring

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10
Q

Name 2 types of post acne scarring?

A

Atrophic - shallow or ice-pick

Hypertrophic/keloid

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11
Q

What is acne excoriee?

A

Acne where the lesions have been picked at/suffered trauma

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12
Q

What is the treatment for mild acne?

A

Topical treatment only (e.g. benzoyl peroxide, retinoids)

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13
Q

What is the treatment for moderate acne?

A

Topical treatment and oral antibiotics or Dianette(R) (cyproterone actetate) for females

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14
Q

What is the treatment for severe acne?

A

Isotretinoin (Roaccutane(R))

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15
Q

What is Benzoyl Peroxide?

A

Works as a keratolytic, anti-microbial and an anti-inflammatory - used for mild and moderate acne

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16
Q

What disease is common in women with acne?

A

PCOS

17
Q

What drug can be used for woman with acne which also works as a contraceptive and has the brand name Dianette(R)?

A

Cyproterone actetate

18
Q

What are the indications for isotretinoin (Roaccutane)?

A

Nodulo-cystic acne
Inadequate response to conventional therapy
Relapse after adequate antibiotics
Significant scarring

19
Q

What are the sebum excretion rates like in rosacea?

A

Normal

20
Q

What exacerbates facial flushing in rosacea?

A

Sudden change in temperature
Alcohol
Spicy food

21
Q

Give 3 complications of rosacea?

A

Permanent telangiectasia from repeated flushing
Ocular inflammation
Rhinophyma

22
Q

What topical antibiotic is typically used for rosacea?

A

Metronidazole

23
Q

What drug can be used for severe rosacea?

A

Isotretinoin (Roaccutane)

24
Q

What are the side effects of Isotretinoin (Roaccutane)?

A

Dry skin, lips, eyes (contact lenses) & nose(bleeds)
Skin fragility - chapping of the lips (cheilitis)
Pyogenic granuloma
Hyperlipidaemia
Abnormal liver function
Teratogenesis- contraception
Mood alteration
Arthralgia
Acne fulminans
Hair thinning
Benign intracranial hypertension ( Tetracyclines)

Dermatology (16 decks)

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