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MRCS Part B > Ackland Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Ackland Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The line between the greater and lesser trochanter of femur posteriorly is called?

A

Intertrochanteric crest

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2
Q

Line running down posterior surface of femur?

A

Gluteal tuberosity

Runs down into linea aspera

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3
Q

Which bit of pelvis do we sit on?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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4
Q

What is between the ASIS and PSIS?

A

Iliac crest

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5
Q

Which 2 muscles are above and below obturator internus?

A

Gemellus superior and inferior

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6
Q

6 short hip rotator muscles? What do they do?

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
Gemellus superior and inferior
Quadratus femoris

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7
Q

5 hip adductors?

A

Adductor magnus, longus, brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis

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8
Q

Where do the hip adductors insert? Except?

A

Linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Except gracilis, on tibia

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9
Q

Where do the hip adductors arise?

A

Outer ischiopubic region

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10
Q

Which is deeper of adductor longus/brevis and magnus?

A

Magnus

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11
Q

Shortest hip adductor is?

A

Pectineus

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12
Q

Most medial thigh muscle?

A

Gracilis

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13
Q

3 hip abductors?

A

Gluteus minimus and medius

Fascia lata and tensor fascia lata

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14
Q

What is the fascia lata and iliotibial tract?

A

Fascia lata is thick fascial layer around thigh, and IT tract is lateral thickening of this

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15
Q

4 hip flexors?

A

Iliacus - from iliac wing
Psoas major - from L1-5
Quadriceps femoris/rectus femoris
Sartorius

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16
Q

Does iliacus and psoas major pass above or below ingunial lig?

A

Below

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17
Q

What is the only part of quadriceps that arises above hip joint and therefore acting as a hip flexor?

A

Rectus femoris

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18
Q

4 hip extensors?

A

Hamstrings - semimembranosus and semitendinosus, biceps femoris
Gluteus maximus

19
Q

Where do the hamstrings arise?

A

Ischial tuberosity

20
Q

What does gluteus maxmius do?

A

Extends hip from flexed position e.g. going up stairs, from squat

21
Q

What forms the IVC?

A

Left and right common iliac veins

22
Q

What are the 2 initial branches of the femoral artery after it emerges from under the inguinal ligament?

A 
Superficial circumflex iliac (lat)
External pudendal (met)
23
Q

What are the branches of the internal iliac artery?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

24
Q

Muscles supplied by femoral nerve?

A

Iliacus
All 4 heads of quadriceps
Pectineus
Sartorius

25
Q

Muscles supplied by obturator nerve?

A

Obturator externus

Adductor brevis, longus and anterior part of magnus

26
Q

Origin of lumbar plexus?

A

L2-S3

27
Q

Origin of sascral plexus?

A

L4-S3

28
Q

Muscles supplied by superior gluteal nerve?

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

29
Q

Muscles supplied by inferior gluteal nerve?

A

Gluteus maximus

30
Q

Muscles supplied by sciatic nerev in thigh?

A

Biceps femoris
Adductor magnus psoterior part
Semimemb and semitend

31
Q

What supplied psoas major?

A

Small branches of lumbar plexus

32
Q

Piriformis, obturator internus and quadratus femoris are supplied by what nerves?

A

Small branches of sarcal plexus

33
Q

On which side of the knee is the collateral ligament continuous with the joint capsule?

A

Medial side

34
Q

3 knee flexors? 2 minor ones?

A

Semimeb, semitend and biceps femoris

Gracilis and sartorius

35
Q

Which muscles originate either side of the linea aspera?

A

Vastus medialis and lateralis

36
Q

Which of the knee extensors doesn’t arise from the femur?

A

Rectus fermois - ASIS/acetabluum

37
Q

What forms the edges of the adductor canal?

A

Adductor longus and vastus medialis, and roof of adductor canal / sartiorius

38
Q

Arteries of lower limb?

A

Common iliac - external iliac - femoral after inguinal lig (profunda femoris) - SFA - popliteal artery after adductor hiatus (med and lat superior and inferior genicular branches) - gives off posterior tibial (medial and lateral plantar) and peroneal, and anterior tibial arteries (dorsalis pedis)

39
Q

Divisons of the sciatic nerve?

A

Common peroneal, to superficial and deep - also gives off sural
Tibial

40
Q

Where does the short saphenous vein run?

A

Posterior to lateral malleolus
Up back of leg
Joins popliteal vein

41
Q

Tibial nerve turns into? Where does it go?

A

Medial ankle under malleolus and flexor retinaculum

Gives off medial and lateral plantar nerves

42
Q

Ligaments supporting longitudinal arch of foot?

A

Short plantar ligament
Long plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis

43
Q

What does the foramen rotundum open into?

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

MRCS Part B (25 decks)

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