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AS Chemistry > Acids & Redox > Flashcards

Acids & Redox Flashcards

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1
Q

Give 3 well known acids

A
  • HCl
  • HNO3
  • H2SO4
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2
Q

Acids are referred to as “proton - what?

A

Proton donors

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3
Q

An acid is classed as having a PH less than what?

A

7

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4
Q

What do strong acids to in water?

A

Fully dissociate

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5
Q

What do weak acids do in water?

A

Partially dissociate

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6
Q

Which type of acid is better at giving up protons? ( i.e. a better proton donor)

A

Strong acids

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7
Q

Bases are classed as “proton - whats’?

A

Proton acceptors

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8
Q

How does a base neutralise an acid?

A

By accepting the H+ ions released by the acid

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9
Q

Alkali’s have PH values of what?

A

Over 7.0

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10
Q

What do Alkali’s release?

A

OH- ions

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11
Q

What is the equation of an Alkali neutralising an Acid?

A

H+ + OH- —–> H2O

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12
Q

Is Ammonia a weak or strong base?

A

Weak

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13
Q

Why is Ammonia a weak base?

A

Only a small proportion of the ammonia reacts with the water

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14
Q

What is a Standard solution?

A

A solution of an accurately known concentration

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15
Q

Acid-base titrations are a form of what?

A

Volumetric analysis

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16
Q

What is an Acid-base titration used for?

A

To find an unknown

17
Q

Give 2 indicators that can be used in Acid-based titrations

A
  • Phenolphthalein

- Methyl Orange

18
Q

What 4 unknowns can acid-base titrations be used to find?

A
  • Concentration
  • Molar Mass
  • Formula
  • Water of Crystallisation
19
Q

What type of compound is a salt?

A

An IONIC compound

20
Q

What type of reaction are salts formed in?

A

Neutralisation reactions

21
Q

What four reactions can produce salts?

A

Acid + Base
Acid + Carbonate
Acid + Metal
Acid + Metal Oxide

22
Q

What is formed when an acid reacts with a carbonate?

A

SALT + water + CO2

23
Q

How are Ammonium salts produced?

A

When acids are neutralised with NH3

24
Q

What does Anhydrous mean?

A

Without water

25
Q

What does ‘ A Hydrated salt’ mean?

A

Water is present in its’ structure

26
Q

What does the dot formulae indicate?

A

The ratio of water in a crystal

27
Q

What is shown after the dot in ‘Dot Formulae’ ?

A

The relative number of water molecules

28
Q

What do oxidising agents do?

A

Oxidise other species, whilst reducing themselves

29
Q

What do reducing agents do?

A

Reduce other species, whilst oxidising themselves

30
Q

Outline the process of an acid-base titration

A
  • Measure alkali into flask
  • Add indicator
  • Fill burette with known acid
  • Do rough titration
  • Do accurate titration
  • Conduct 2/3 times
  • Take an average

AS Chemistry (5 decks)

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