Acids Bases Buffers PH Flashcards
What do acids and bases dissociate into when dissolved in water?
Electrolytes
How can an acid be defined?
A proton donor or a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) into a solution
What is the dissociation equation for hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water?
HCl —> H+ and Cl-
What is H+ often referred to as?
A proton
What is a common medication for acid reflux?
Proton pump inhibitor
How can a base be defined?
A proton acceptor or a substance that can bind H+ in a solution
What is the equation for bicarbonate (HCO3-) binding to H+?
HCO3- + H+ ——> H2CO3
What does pH measure?
The concentration of H+ in an acid
What is the pH scale range?
0 to 14
What happens to pH as the concentration of H+ increases?
The pH decreases
What is the pH of a solution with extremely high acidity?
1
What is the pH of a solution with extremely high basicity?
14
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
What is the normal pH range of human blood?
7.35-7.45
True or False: Strong acids and strong bases can be damaging to human tissues.
True
Fill in the blank: A solution with a pH of 7 is considered _______.
Neutral
What is the normal pH range of blood in humans under healthy conditions?
7.35-7.45
What role do buffers play in the blood?
Buffers resist changes in pH and help stabilize pH.
Why is it important to maintain the pH of blood within a tight window?
To ensure proper physiological function despite constant additions of acids or bases.
Fill in the blank: Buffers help to _______ changes in pH.
resist
True or False: Blood has only one type of buffer to stabilize its pH.
False
What must be maintained in the blood despite constant additions of acids or bases?
Stable pH
List the pH range that blood must maintain under healthy conditions.
- 7.35
- 7.45
