Acids Bases Buffers Flashcards
Bronsted-Lowry Acid definition
Proton Donor
Bronsted-Lowry Base definition
proton acceptor
Kw
Kw = conc H+ x conc OH-
value of Kw at 298 K
1.0 x 10-14
what physical factors affect value of Kw
temperature only
if temperature is increased, the equilibrium moves to the right so Kw increases and the pH of pure water decreases
why is pure water still neutral even if pH does not equal 7
conc. H+ = conc. OH-
give an expression for pH in terms of H+
pH = -log10[H+]
what is the relationship between pH and [H+]
lower pH = higher [H+]
if two solutions have a pH difference of one what is the difference in [H+]
factor of 10
how do you find [H+] from pH
[H+] = 10 to the power of -pH
what is the difference when finding [H+] from concentration of diprotic and triprotic acids
need to multiply concentration of acid by number of protons to find [H+]
how do you calculate the pH of a strong alkaline solution
use Kw to calculate [H+] from [OH-]
use pH=-log[H+]
define strong acid
fully dissociates in water
define strong base
fully dissociates in water
what is the difference between concentrated and strong
concentrated means many mol per dm^3
strong refers to amount of dissociation
what is a weak acid and weak base definition
do not fully dissociate in water
partially dissociate