Acids, Bases And Salts Flashcards
Acids have a pH of less than …..
7
The more strongly acidic the solution, the …. The pH number
Lower
Acidic solutions turn blue litmus paper …
Red
Acids turn universal indicator … If they are strongly acidic
Red
What are bases?
Substances that can react with acids and neutralise them to make a salt and water.
Alkaline solutions have a pH of more than …
7
Alkalis turn universal indicator paper ….
Dark blue or purple
What are ions?
Charged particles that have lost or gained electrons.
What does (aq) mean?
Dissolved in water
What acids dissolve in water, they produce aqueous ….. Ions
Hydrogen
When hydrochloride acid is dissolved in water, which is the dissolved hydrogen ion?
HCL(aq) –) H+^(aq) + CL^-(aq)
H+^(aq)
When alkalis dissolve in water, they produce aqueous …. Ions
Hydroxide
In sodium hydroxide, which is the aqueous hydroxide ion?
NaOH(aq) +?Na+^(aq) + OH-^ (aq)
OH-^(aq)
When the H+^(aq) ions from an acid react with the OH-^(aq) ions from an alkali, a neutralisation reaction occurs to form water. What is the equation for the reaction?
H+^(aq) +OH-^(aq) –) H2^O(l)
When acids react with bases, what two things are made?
Salt and water
Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc to make…. (2 things)
A salt and hydrogen
How do you make a soluble salt if the base dissolves in water?
1) You add just enough acid to make a neutral solution.
2) warm the solution to evaporate the water
How do you make a base that doesn’t dissolve in water?
you add the base to the acid until no more will dissolve, then filter the mixture to remove the excess base, then evaporate the water in the filtrate to leave the salt behind.
