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Science > Acids, Bases and Salts > Flashcards

Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Acid examples

A

(Sour taste)
Citrus fruits, vinegar, tomato, tamarind, amla

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2
Q

How is citric acid good

A

It helps to deal with skin issues like acne and dead skin cells
Bad for GERD people
They’re Rich in Vitamins and Plant Compounds. …
They’re a Good Source of Fiber. …
Citrus Fruits Are Low in Calories. …
They May Reduce Your Risk of Kidney Stones. …
They May Help Fight or Protect Against Cancer. …
They Contain Nutrients That Boost Heart Health.

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3
Q

Types of acids

A

Organic and Mineral
Organic acids have high pH levels
Mineral acids have low pH levels, and cause high burning sensation

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4
Q

Lactic acids

A

Milk and curd

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5
Q

Citric acids

A

Lemon and orange

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6
Q

Malic acids

A

Apple

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7
Q

Tartaric acids

A

Tamarind, unripe mango

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8
Q

Oxalic acids

A

Tomatoes

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9
Q

ascorbic acid

A

Amla

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10
Q

Concentrated and dilute

A

high amount acid and low acid

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11
Q

Strong acids

A

chloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and sulfuric acid

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12
Q

Weak acids

A

acetic acid (vinegar), lactic acid, citric acid, and phosphoric acid

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13
Q

Dilution of acids

A

They cause exothermic reactions which break glass and splash around, high amount of heat is produced.
It is 1st put into the water to dilute it, its put into the water slowly. ACID PUT INTO WATER NOT VICA VERDSA

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14
Q

Oxyacids
Hydracids

A

H+O molecules
H+anything but O molecules
Hydrocyanic acid for the above

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15
Q

H+ion

A

Acids produce these things in water, strong acids do more, weak acids do less

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16
Q

Dibasic and Monobasic

A

Produce 2 H+ions per molecule
Produce 1 H+ion per molecule

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17
Q

Properties of acids

A

Sour
Corrosive(burning effect)
Soluble in water
React with active metal(these have high reactivity)
Reacts with carbonates to form salt, water, and CO2
Reacts with bases to form salt and water
Generally stored in glass as it makes metals corrodes

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18
Q

Preparation of acids

A

Dissolving Oxides of non-metals like co2 and everything ending with dioxide in water

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19
Q

Cells in our body

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA

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20
Q

Fatty acids

A

imp components of cell membrane

21
Q

Bases

A

Hydroxides and oxides of metals
bitter
soapy feel
base+acid=water+salt(neutralisation)

22
Q

Bases soluble in water

A

Alkalis

23
Q

Copper, magnesium and aluminum hydroxides

A

They ain’t alkalis as they partially soluble and are weak bases

24
Q

Strong and weak bases

A

cause burning effect and don’t cause burning effect

25
Q

preprations of bases

A

Some metals heated in O2 give oxides and then placed in water give hydroxides of metals.
some active metals like sodium and potassium react with cold water to form hydroxides

26
Q

Indicators

A

weak acids or bases that help us test if a substance is more acidic or basic

27
Q

NATURAL INDICATRS

A

CHINA ROSE
TURMERIC
LITMUS
red cabbage

28
Q

Litmus

A

MOST COMMONLY USED
obtained from lichens
used in solution of water
paper(blue and red paper)

29
Q

Turmeric

A

yellow tumreric in water

30
Q

china rose

A

chine rose petals in water

31
Q

red cabbage

A

purple colored
boiled red cabbage in water

32
Q

Synthetic indicators

A

artifical indicators

33
Q

phenlphthalein

A

colorless indicator used in lab

34
Q

methyl

A

orange-pink colored indicator

35
Q

Neutralisation

A

acid+base=salt+water
heat is evolved

36
Q

Agirculture

A

Too much acid due to fertilizer
base is added()slaked lime
soil becomes too basic then organic matter is added to soil, when decomposed realsess acids

37
Q

indegestion

A

too much acid is bad for the linings in the stomach hence we take antacid like milk of magnesia

38
Q

remedy for sting

A

all stings contain citrus acid
bases= baking soda or calamine solution
alkali in wasp sting=vinger neutralize

39
Q

tooth decay

A

toothpaste contain base alkalis

40
Q

treatment of sewage water

A

base is treated before dumped in water to protect aqua life

41
Q

regaining shine of tarnished copper articles

A

copper articles get tarnished due to basic copper carbonates which can be removed by rubbing lemon

42
Q

SALTS

A

don’t contain replaceable h or oh= normal salts, sodium chloride and ammonium acetate

43
Q

acidic salts

A

incomplete neutralization of acid by base, ammonium chloride

44
Q

basic

A

vice versa, sodium acetate

45
Q

birth of salts

A

acid+base
acid+metal
action of dilute acids on metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and metallic oxides

46
Q

salts properties

A

high melting point(mostly)
good conductors
some soluble, some not soluble

47
Q

pH scale

A

pH- potenz hydrogen ion concentration
0-14
high pH=more basic
low pH= more acidic

48
Q

ph paper- universal indicator

A

the change in color is matched with the color on pH chart

Science (6 decks)

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