Acids, Bases and Salts

Question 1

what is an acid?

Answer 1

a substance containing hydrogen that can be replaced by a metal to for a salt

Question 2

What is an acid salt?

Answer 2

A salt that is formed when the H+ ions in an acid are only partially replaced by metal or ammonium ions

Question 3

An acid salt id formed when only some of the H+ ions in an acid are replaced a metal ion or ____________

Answer 3

NH4+ Ions

Question 4

A ___________ salt is formed when all the hydrogen ions in an acid are replaced by _________ or _________

Answer 4

Normal salt

metal ion

Ammonium ion

Question 5

What is the Basicity of an acid?

Answer 5

The number of protons produced per molecule of acid when dissolved in water

Question 6

what are the main chemical reactions of acids in aqueous solution?

Answer 6

acids react with reactive metals to form a salt and hydrogen
acids react with bases to form salt and water
acids react with metal carbonates and hydrogencarbonates to form a salt, water and CO2

Question 7

Acids except ________ react with metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series to produce salt and hydrogen

Answer 7

HNO3

Question 8

What are acid anhydrides

Answer 8

compound that reacts with water to form an acid

Question 9

name 4 examples of acid anydrides

Answer 9

carbon dioxide
sulphur dioxide
sulphur trioxide
nitrogen dioxide

Question 10

what is a base?

Answer 10

a proton acceptor

Question 11

when bases react with acids the _________ or ________ ions from the base accept the protons from the __________ to form water

Answer 11

Oxide(O2-)

OH-

Acid

Question 12

what is an alkali

Answer 12

a soluble base that dissolves in water to form a solution that contains OH- ions

Question 13

most bases are ________ and as a result most are not __________

Answer 13

insoluble

alkalis

Question 14

what are the chemical reactions of bases

Answer 14

react with acids to form salt and water
react with ammoniums salts to form salt, water and ammonia

Question 15

Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2NH4Cl (s) gives ________

Answer 15

MgCl2(s) + 2H20(l) + 2HN3(g)

Question 16

CaO(s) + (NH4)2SO4 ——->

Answer 16

CaSO4(s) + H20(l) + NH3(g)

Question 17

Name 4 indicators

Answer 17

litmus
phenolpthalein
methyl orange
screened methyl orange

Question 18

a ____________ is fully ionised when dissolved in water to produce H+ ions.

Answer 18

strong acid

Question 19

a ____________ is fully ionised when dissolved in water to produce OH- ions.

Answer 19

strong base

Question 20

example of a base that is partially ionized when dissolved in water

Answer 20

NH3

Question 21

definition of a weak base

Answer 21

partially ionises when dissolved in water

Question 22

these react with both acids and strong alkalis to form salt and water

Answer 22

amphoteric oxides or hydroxides

Question 23

which of the following metals will form amphoteric bases?

Zn

Ca

Ba

Pb

Hg

Al

Cu

Ag

Answer 23

Zn

Pb

Al

Question 24

the 4 main groups of oxides are:

Answer 24

acidic oxides
basic oxides
amphoteric oxides
neutral oxides

Question 25

acidic oxides react with (1)_________ to form salt and water. They also react with (2)__________ to form acids and therefore are called (3)___________. They are oxides of (4)_____________.

Answer 25

alkalis water acid anhydrides non-metals

Question 26

Na2O is an example of a (1) ____________ but is also a (2)_____________. It reacts with (3)__________ to form salt an water.

Answer 26

basic oxide alkali acids

Question 27

basic oxides are oxides of _________

Answer 27

metals

Question 28

Neutral oxides are oxides of some (1)____________ which do not react with (2)_____________ or (3)_________. examples of neutral oxides are(4)_______________

Answer 28

non-metals acids alkalis CO, NO, N2O

Question 29

definition of a salt

Answer 29

substance formed when some or all of the H+ ions in an acid have been replaced by metal or ammonium ions

Question 30

a salt is substance formed when some or all of the (1)_______ ions in an (2)_________ have been replaced by metal or (3)_________ions

Answer 30

H+ acid NH4-

Question 31

the main methods of preparing salts are:

Answer 31

reaction with acids direct combination precipitation reactions

Question 32

when preparing a soluble salt these two general methods are used:

Answer 32

reaction with acids direct combination

Question 33

when acids are used to prepare salts these are the possible reactions:

Answer 33

acid + alkali - titration acid + reactive metal acid + insoluble base acid + insoluble carbonate

Question 34

an insoluble salt is produced by :

Answer 34

ionic precipitation

Question 35

when producing an anhydrous soluble chloride this method is used

Answer 35

direct combination

Question 36

salt preparation by direct combination is a reaction between (1)___________ and a (2) ____________

Answer 36

chlorine gas reactive metal

Question 37

what is the formula for baking soda and what kind of salt is it?

Answer 37

NaHCO3 it is an acid salt

Question 38

NaCl is used for

Answer 38

flavouring and food preservative

Question 39

used to preserve meats such as bacon and ham by destroying bacteria. Also adds flavour and colour. Often used with NaCl

Answer 39

Sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate

Question 40

a use of CaCO3 is:

Answer 40

to manufacture cement

Question 41

another name for CaCO3

Answer 41

limestone

Question 42

this salt can lead to hypertension if consumed in excess

Answer 42

NaCl

Question 43

what is a neutralization reaction?

Answer 43

reaction between acid and base to form salt and water

Question 44

The (1)_________ or (2) _____________ of a neutralization reaction is when all of the OH- and H+ ions have been used up

Answer 44

neutralization point end point

Question 45

The neutralization point or end point of a neutralization reaction is when all of the (1) ___________ and (2)___________ ions have been used up and the final solution has a pH of (3)___________

Answer 45

OH- H+ 7

Question 46

2 ways of determining the end point of a neutralization reaction

Answer 46

using an indicator using temperature change

Question 47

key point to remember when determining the concentration of an aqueous alkali solution:

Answer 47

react it with a known amount of standard aqueous acid solution

Question 48

key point to remember when determining the concentration of an aqueous acid solution:

Answer 48

react it with a known amount of standard alkali solution

Question 49

water of chrystalization is defined as __________

Answer 49

a fixed proportion of water molecules held in the crystal lattice of a salt

Question 50

Acid Reacts with reactiv metals produce:

Answer 50

Salt + hydrogen

Question 51

General Properties of Aqueous alkalis

Answer 51

they have a bitter tatse They change red litmus to blue'they have a pH value of more than 7 they are corrosive they are relectroyles,conduct eletrci current

Question 52

Neural acids have a ph of

Answer 52

7