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chemistry > acids bases and salts > Flashcards

acids bases and salts Flashcards

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1
Q

in a solution acids are the source of which ions

A

hydrogen ions

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2
Q

in a solution alkalis are the source of which ion

A

hydroxide ions

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3
Q

pH of a neutral solution

A

7

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4
Q

do acids have pH under or over 7

A

under

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5
Q

do alkalis have a pH under or over 7

A

over

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6
Q

litmus paper in acid, and base

A

acid: red
alkaline: blue

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7
Q

phenolphthalein in acid, neutral and base

A

acid: colourless
neutral: colourless
alkaline: pink

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8
Q

methyl orange in acid, neutral and base

A

acid: red
neutral: yellow
alkaline: yellow

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9
Q

universal indicator colour change

A

red in acid, green in neutral and purple in alkaline

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10
Q

the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in an acidic solution…

A

the lower the pH

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11
Q

the higher the concentration of hydroxide ions in alkaline solution…

A

the higher the pH

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12
Q

when the hydrogen ion concentration increases by a factor of 10, the pH…

A

goes down by 1

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13
Q

dilute vs concentrated solution

A

a dilute solution has a low solute concentration and vice versa

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14
Q

weak vs strong acids

A

a strong acid dissociates completely into hydrogen ions in water, whereas weak acids dissociate only partially

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15
Q

base definition

A

any substance that reacts with acid to form only a salt and water

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16
Q

alkali defintion

A

soluble bases

17
Q

acid + metal

A

salt and hydrogen

18
Q

metal (hydr)oxide + acid

A

salt and water

19
Q

acid + metal carbonate

A

salt, water and carbon dioxide

20
Q

acid + alkali

A

salt and water

21
Q

chemical test for hydrogen

A

squeaky pop test - hold lit splint inside test tube with gas and if squeaky pop noise is made then hydrogen in present

22
Q

carbon dioxide test

A

bubble gas through limewater, if turns cloudy, carbon dioxide is present

23
Q

neutralisation reaction definition

A

reaction between and acid and a base

24
Q

how does an acid alkali neutralisation reaction form water

A

H+ ions from the acid react with OH- ions from the alkali to form water

25
Q

nitrate solubility

A

all nitrates are soluble

26
Q

chloride solubility

A

soluble except silver and lead

27
Q

sulfate solubility

A

soluble except lead, barium, calcium

28
Q

all common ___, ___ and ___ salts are soluble

A

sodium, potassium and ammonium

29
Q

carbonate/hydroxide solubility

A

all insoluble (except sodium potassium and ammonium)

chemistry (6 decks)

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