acids bases and salts

Question 1

in a solution acids are the source of which ions

Answer 1

hydrogen ions

Question 2

in a solution alkalis are the source of which ion

Answer 2

hydroxide ions

Question 3

pH of a neutral solution

Answer 3

7

Question 4

do acids have pH under or over 7

Answer 4

under

Question 5

do alkalis have a pH under or over 7

Answer 5

over

Question 6

litmus paper in acid, and base

Answer 6

acid: red
alkaline: blue

Question 7

phenolphthalein in acid, neutral and base

Answer 7

acid: colourless
neutral: colourless
alkaline: pink

Question 8

methyl orange in acid, neutral and base

Answer 8

acid: red
neutral: yellow
alkaline: yellow

Question 9

universal indicator colour change

Answer 9

red in acid, green in neutral and purple in alkaline

Question 10

the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in an acidic solution…

Answer 10

the lower the pH

Question 11

the higher the concentration of hydroxide ions in alkaline solution…

Answer 11

the higher the pH

Question 12

when the hydrogen ion concentration increases by a factor of 10, the pH…

Answer 12

goes down by 1

Question 13

dilute vs concentrated solution

Answer 13

a dilute solution has a low solute concentration and vice versa

Question 14

weak vs strong acids

Answer 14

a strong acid dissociates completely into hydrogen ions in water, whereas weak acids dissociate only partially

Question 15

base definition

Answer 15

any substance that reacts with acid to form only a salt and water

Question 16

alkali defintion

Answer 16

soluble bases

Question 17

acid + metal

Answer 17

salt and hydrogen

Question 18

metal (hydr)oxide + acid

Answer 18

salt and water

Question 19

acid + metal carbonate

Answer 19

salt, water and carbon dioxide

Question 20

acid + alkali

Answer 20

salt and water

Question 21

chemical test for hydrogen

Answer 21

squeaky pop test - hold lit splint inside test tube with gas and if squeaky pop noise is made then hydrogen in present

Question 22

carbon dioxide test

Answer 22

bubble gas through limewater, if turns cloudy, carbon dioxide is present

Question 23

neutralisation reaction definition

Answer 23

reaction between and acid and a base

Question 24

how does an acid alkali neutralisation reaction form water

Answer 24

H+ ions from the acid react with OH- ions from the alkali to form water

Question 25

nitrate solubility

Answer 25

all nitrates are soluble

Question 26

chloride solubility

Answer 26

soluble except silver and lead

Question 27

sulfate solubility

Answer 27

soluble except lead, barium, calcium

Question 28

all common ___, ___ and ___ salts are soluble

Answer 28

sodium, potassium and ammonium

Question 29

carbonate/hydroxide solubility

Answer 29

all insoluble (except sodium potassium and ammonium)