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a-level chemistry > Acids, Bases and Redox > Flashcards

Acids, Bases and Redox Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an acid

A

A substance that releases hydrogen ions as protons when dissolved in water ( an acid is a proton donor in an aqueous solution)

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2
Q

Define a base and give some examples

A

A base is a proton acceptor , it neutralises an acid to form a salt

eg - metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia

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3
Q

What is a strong acid

A

An acid that fully dissociates in an aqueous solution

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4
Q

What is a weak acid

A

An acid that only partially dissociates in an aqueous solution

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5
Q

Give the formula for Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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6
Q

Give the formula for nitric acid

A

HNO3

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7
Q

Give the formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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8
Q

Give the formula for ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

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9
Q

Define an alkali with an example

A

this is a base that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions

eg NaOH –> Na+ + OH-

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10
Q

What is a salt

A

A salt if formed when the hydrogen ions from an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions

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11
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction

A

when an acid and a base reacts to form salt and water

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12
Q

Give the ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction between an acid and an alkali

A

H+ + OH- —-> H2O

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13
Q

An acid and a carbonate makes …

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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14
Q

An acid and ammonia makes …

A

an ammonium salt

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15
Q

An acid and a metal makes …

A

salt + hydrogen

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16
Q

Define hydrated

A

a crystalline compound that contains water molecules

17
Q

Define anhydrous

A

a substance that contains no water molecules

18
Q

Define water of crystallisation

A

the water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure

19
Q

What happens if you heat a hydrated salt

A

the water of crystallisation will be removed by evaporation

20
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide —>

A

Sodium chloride and water

21
Q

Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide —>

A

copper chloride and water

22
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate —>

A

sodium chloride and water and carbon dioxide

23
Q

Hydrochloric acid + magnesium —>

A

magnesium chloride and hydrogen

a-level chemistry (4 decks)

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