Acids, Bases, and Buffers

Question 1

What’s the bronsted lowry definition of acid and base?

Answer 1

Acid: proton (H+) donor.
Base: proton (H+) acceptor.

Question 2

Define conjugate base.

Answer 2

An acid that lost its hydrogen ion.

Question 3

Define conjugate acid.

Answer 3

The product that is different from a base by one proton.

Question 4

Examples of Strong Acids.

Answer 4

Hydrochloric acid, HCl
Hydrobromic acid, HBr
Hydroiodic acid, HI
Nitiric acid, HNO3
Chloric acid, HClO3
Perchloric acid, HClO4
Sulfuric acid, H2SO4
*Strong acid completely dissociates.

Question 5

Examples of Strong Bases

Answer 5

Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
Potassium hydroxide, KOH
Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2
*Weak bases completely dissociates.

Question 6

Water has the ability to _____ a proton to another water molecule.

Answer 6

Donate.
Kw= 1.0x-14

Question 7

[H+] vs [OH-]

Answer 7

[H+] > [OH-] = solution is acidic.
[H+] < [OH-] = solution is basic.
[H+]=[OH-] = solution is neutral.

Question 8

Define pH.

Answer 8

A scale that specifies how acidic or basic a substance is.

Question 9

Define buffers.

Answer 9

A solution that stabilize the pH or resist drastic changes in pH.