Acids & Bases Flashcards
1
Q
Arrhenius acid bases
A
- acids: forms H+ in water
- bases: forms OH- in water
2
Q
Brønsted-Lowry acids bases
A
- acids: H+ donor
- bases: H+ acceptor
3
Q
Lewis acids bases
A
- acids: e- pair acceptor
- bases: e- pair donor
4
Q
Conjugate pairs
A
- 2 species that differ by 1 H+
Conj. Base=without
Conj. Acid=with
5
Q
Amphoteric
A
- can be acid or base depending on chemical reaction
- ex. Water
6
Q
Strong acids
A
- HCl
- HBr
- HI
- H2SO4
- HNO3
- HClO4
7
Q
Strong Bases
A
- Group IA, Group 2A
- Group 3A if paired with OH-
8
Q
Weak Bases
A
- all are weak if not part of the strong bases
9
Q
Weak Acids
A
- all that are not part of the strong acids
10
Q
Weak acids and bases ionization
A
- %ionization affected by temp and concentration
See notes
11
Q
Auto-ionization of water
A
Kw=[H+][OH-]=1.00x10^-14
(@ 25 degreees Celsius)
12
Q
pH
A
pH=-log[species]
pH+pOH=14
13
Q
@25degrees Celsius: conj. Pair equilibrium
A
- Ka*Kb=1.00x10^-14
- pKa+pKb=14.000
14
Q
Calculating pH
A
See notes
15
Q
Ka
A
Ka=[H+][A-]/[HA]
