acids and bases + titrations + redox Flashcards
what do acids release when they mix with water
hydrogen ions
What do bases do to acids?
Accept protons (hydrogen ions)
What are alkalies?
bases that are soluble in water
What do alkalis produce in aqueous solutions
OH- ions
what is the formula of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid
HCLl
H2SO4
HNO3
What is the formula for sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia
NaOH
KOH
NH3
Define a strong acid
An acid that nearly fully dissosociates in water
What is a strong base?
An base tha nearly fully dissosociates in water releasing OH- ions
acid + alkali =
salt + water
metal + acid=
metal salt + hydrogen
metal oxide + acid=
salt + water
metal hydroxide (metal and OH) + acid =
salt + water
metal carbonate + acid=
metal salt + carbon dioxide + water
ammonia + acid=
ammonium salt
What is a standard solution?
a solution you know the concentration of
what oxidation number is hydrogen
+1
what oxidation number is oxygen
-2
When in a metal hydrides what is hydrogen (hydride is 2 hydrogen)
-1
in peroxides what is oxygen
-1
oxidation = oxidation number being more
positive
reduction = oxidation number being more
negative
What is an oxidation agent
an compund that accepts electrons from the species being oxidised
