Acids and bases

Question 1

Define acid

Answer 1

Substance that produces H+ in water

Proton donor

Question 2

Define base

Answer 2

Substance that produces OH- in water

Proton acceptor

Question 3

Define Acid - base pair

Answer 3

set of two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of proton

Question 4

Conjugate base pair

Answer 4

CB of acid = loss of H+

CA of base = Gain of H+

Question 5

Formula for H+ and pH

Answer 5

pH= -log(H+)
(H+) = 10^-pH

Question 6

Formula for pH of a solution in water

Answer 6

H+ conc x (volume of water/total volume)

Question 7

Describe Kw

Answer 7

(H+)^2 and =10^-14

As temp increase Eqm shifts to right so conc increases increasing Kw

Question 8

Formula for pOH

Answer 8

-log(OH-)

pH+pOH=14

Question 9

How do you work out the pH of a reaction between a strong acid and base?

Answer 9

Moles of each
XS
Conc of XS 
Calculate pH
For base 14-pH

Question 10

How do you work out pH of a weak acid?

Answer 10

Ka expression

(H+)^2 if its just dissociation

Question 11

How do you work out the pH of a solution of weak acid and strong base?

Answer 11

Moles of HA and OH-
Moles of XS
For acid = conc of both HA and OH- remember HA is excess number, Ka Expression and then pH
For base = conc of OH-, 10^-14/OH-
pH

Question 12

How do you work out neutralisation?

Answer 12

HA=A- therefore H+ = Ka pH = pKa