Acids And Bases Flashcards
Bases
Indigestion tablets, toothpaste, soap, window cleaner, shampoo, bread soda.
Acids in the lab
Hydrochloric acid - also found in the stomach.
Sulphuric acid - also found in car batteries.
Bases in the lab
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Limewater - Ca(OH)2
Acid
Lemons, vinegar, vitamin C, grapes, rhubarb, fizzy drinks, tea, apples.
pH
We can tell how acidic or basic a substance is by measuring something called pH. pH - neutral (7 on the scale)
Alkali
A base that dissolves in water is called an alkali, eg. drain cleaner (sodium hydroxide)
Neutral
If something is neither an acid nor a base, and has a pH of 7, then it is neutral.
Neutralisation
If an acid and base are mixed together in the right concentrations, them they neutralise each other. A salt and water are produced.
Indigestion
Excess stomach acid, take an antacid (anti-acid) which is a base.
A bee sting
Is acidic. Rubbing a base, eg. Bread soda will neutralise it.
A wasp sting
Is alkaline. This needs to be treated with an acid, eg. Vinegar.
Titration
An export net to neutralise an acid (hydrochloric acid) with a base (sodium hydroxide) is called titration.
The products of titration
Are a salt and water.
Indicator papaer
An indicator changes colour to tell us if something is acidic or basic. eg. Litmus is a dye on indicator paper (litmus paper).
Acids turn blue litmus paper…
…red.
