Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is the general form of a synthesis reaction?

Answer 1

A + B -> AB

Question 2

What is the general form of a decomposition reaction?

Answer 2

AB -> A + B

Question 3

What is the general form of a single replacement reaction?

Answer 3

A + BC -> AC + B

Question 4

What is the general form of a double replacement reaction?

Answer 4

AB + CD -> AD + CB

Question 5

What is an Arrhenius acid?

Answer 5

Any substance that releases H+ ions in water solution

Question 6

What is an Arrhenius base?

Answer 6

Any substance that releases OH- ions in water solution

Question 7

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

Answer 7

Any substance which donates a proton

Question 8

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?

Answer 8

Any substance which accepts a proton.

Question 9

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Answer 9

Acid donates H+ -> remaining species is the CONJUGATE BASE
Base accepts H+ -> remaining species is the CONJUGATE ACID

The conjugate base acts as a base in the reverse reaction and vice versa

Question 10

What is an amphoteric compound?

Answer 10

Chemical species capable of acting as either acids or bases depending on the reaction environment

Question 11

Name an amphoteric species.

Answer 11

Water (H2O)
Hydrogen carbonate anion (HCO3^-)
Hydrogen sulfate anion (HSO4^-)

Question 12

What is the ionisation constant of water at 25 celsius?

Answer 12

1.0x10^-14

Question 13

If [H3O+] > [OH-], the solution is ???

Answer 13

Acidic

Question 14

If [H3O+] < [OH-], the solution is ???

Answer 14

Basic / alkaline