Acids and Bases

Question 1

Amphiprotic

Answer 1

Substance that can behave as an acid or a base

Question 2

Arrhenius Theory

Answer 2

Acid: Dissociates to produce H+
Base: Dissociates to produce OH-

Question 3

Autoionization

Answer 3

Water reacting with itself to produce a positive and negative ion

Question 4

Bronsted-Lowry Theory

Answer 4

Acid: Proton Donor
Base: Proton Acceptor

Question 5

Buffer Capacity

Answer 5

A solution’s ability to resist large changes in pH when acid/base is added

Question 6

Buffer Solution

Answer 6

Contains a weak acid/base and it’s conjugate that is resistant to large changes in pH

Question 7

Corrosion

Answer 7

Oxidation of a metal

Question 8

Hydronium Ion

Answer 8

Water molecule with a positively charged hydrogen ion
H30+

Question 9

Ion Product for Water

Answer 9

Equation for hydronium and hydroxide ion concentration
1.0 x 10^-14

Question 10

Monoprotic Acid

Answer 10

Acid that can only donate one proton to an aqueous solution

Question 11

Oxidation

Answer 11

A loss of electrons in organic compounds
Loss of hydrogen OR gain of oxygen

Question 12

Oxidizing agent

Answer 12

Substance that removes electrons from another substance
Gains Electrons

Question 13

pH Scale

Answer 13

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration
0-14

Question 14

Polyprotic Acid

Answer 14

Acid that can donate more than one proton

Question 15

Reducing Agent

Answer 15

A substance that donates electrons to another substance
Loses Electrons

Question 16

Reduction

Answer 16

Gain of electron in organic compounds
Gain of hydrogen OR loss of oxygen

Question 17

Strong Acid

Answer 17

Acid that completely ionizes
Gives off the greatest number of hydrogen ions or protons

Question 18

Strong Base

Answer 18

Base that completely ionizes

Question 19

Weak Acid/Base

Answer 19

Partial Ionization

Question 20

What are the strong acids?

Answer 20

Hydrochloric Acid
Nitric Acid
Sulfuric Acid

Question 21

What are the strong bases?

Answer 21

Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide

Question 22

What are the weak acids?

Answer 22

Acetic Acid
Carbonic Acid

Question 23

What are the weak bases?

Answer 23

Pyridine
Aniline
Methylamine

Question 24

Conjugate Acid

Answer 24

Formed when a base accepts a proton

Question 25

Conjugate Base

Answer 25

Formed when an acid donates a proton

Question 26

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 26

Aqueous solution of an acid and a base

Question 27

Nuetralization

Answer 27

Acid and base reaction producing salt and water

Question 28

Titration

Answer 28

Addition of a known concentration to neutralize the second unknown solution

Question 29

Where does pH play a major role in our lives?

Answer 29

Agriculture, Physiology, Acid rain, Drug delivery

Question 30

Buffer Action

Answer 30

Equilibrium between Weak acid/base and conjugate base/acid

Question 31

LeChatelier's Principle

Answer 31

A system when stressed will shift it's equilibrium to relieve stress

Question 32

Bleaching Agents

Answer 32

Most often oxidizing agents Not colored; stain removers