Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is a base?

Answer 1

A base is a substance that contains more OH- ions than H+ ions.

Question 2

Solve this word equation:
Hydrochloric acid + lead hydroxide

Answer 2

Lead chloride + water

Question 3

What is the pH scale?

Answer 3

The pH scale is a measuring tool used to determine how acidic or basic a substance is, it goes from 0 to 14, with 1 to 5 being a gradient from red to yellow, and 9 to 14 being a gradient from blue to dark purple. 1 to 5 is considered an acid, and 9 to 14 a base. But there is also a third category. Neutral, neutral is 6 to 8 and its green, if a substance is neutral that means it has a balanced amount of OH- and H+ ions in it.

Question 4

Write this as a word equation:
Zinc nitrate

Answer 4

Zinc hydroxide + nitric acid ———–> Zinc nitrate + water

Question 5

Solve this word equation:
Sulfuric acid + zinc hydroxide

Answer 5

zinc sulfate + water

Question 6

Solve this word equation:
Nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide

Answer 6

Magnesium Nitrate + Water

Question 7

What is universal indicator?

Answer 7

A substance that indicates an acid or base using the pH scale, when mixing is with a substance it will turn a color based on how acidic or basic it is.

Question 8

What is an acid?

Answer 8

An acid is a substance that contains more H+ ions (Hydrogen) than OH- ions (Hydroxide)

Question 9

What is litmus paper?

Answer 9

Litmus paper is to test whether a substance is an acid or base. Red litmus paper will turn blue when in contact with a base, and blue litmus paper will turn red when in contact with an acid, blue stays blue with a base and red stays red with an acid

Question 10

Write this as a word equation:
Calcium chloride

Answer 10

Calcium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid ————> Calcium chloride + water

Question 11

Write this as a word equation:
Lithium sulfate

Answer 11

Lithium hydroxide + Sulfric acid ————> lithium sulfate + water