acids and bases

Question 1

define base and acid according to the bronsted lowry theory, and amphiprotic species

Answer 1

• acids as proton donors
• Bases as proton acceptors
• Protons as hydrogen ions H+

All amphiprotic species are amphoteric but not all amphoteric species are amphiprotic.

Question 2

outline oxides that are acidic

Answer 2

sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are acidic oxides SO2 and NO2

Question 3

what are neutralization reactions

Answer 3

exothermic

Question 4

what does the value of Kc mean in terms of acids and bases

Answer 4

Any value for Kc that is less than 1 means the acid has not fully dissociated into its ions and is therefore a weak acid

Question 5

how do you find the concentration of OH ?

Answer 5

either by calculating the concetration of H+ using the formula in the booklet. and then divide Kw which is 10^-14 by the H+ concentration.

or else
Find the pOH:
* pOH = 14.00 - pH
* [OH-] = 10^-pOH

Question 6

what is the value of Kw and how can you manipulate it?

Answer 6

Kw = [H+][OH-] = 1 x 10^-14 at 298 K (given in data booklet)

pOH + pH = 14.00