ACIDS AND BASES

Question 1

Bronsted lowry acids and bases

Answer 1

acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors.

Question 2

strong bases and strong acids

Answer 2

strong acids and strong bases are dissociated completely into aqueous solution.

Question 3

reaction of acids and bases with water

Answer 3

are reversible. with acids a h30+ ions hydroxonium ions is produced and with bases hydroxide ions is produced.

Question 4

weak acids and weak bases

Answer 4

weak acids and weak bases are dissociated slightly in an aqueous solution.

Question 5

acid base reactions

Answer 5

when acids and bases react eith each other, protons are exchanged.

Question 6

equilibrium in strong and weak acids

Answer 6

in strong acids, equilibrium lies well over to right and in weak acids, equilibrium lies well over to left.

Question 7

note for finding ph in strong acids

Answer 7

concentration of strong acid is equal to concentration of h+ ions as the ions are dissociated completely in aqueous solutions.

Question 8

monoprotic acids

Answer 8

monoprotic acids dissociate to produce one H+ ions for each acid molecule. eg is hcl and hno3

Question 9

diprotic acids

Answer 9

diprotic acids dissociate to produce two h+ ions for each acid molecule. eg h2so4.
so conc is multiplied by 2.

Question 10

Kw or ionic product of water

Answer 10

water exists in equilibrium with its ions. water dissociates into its ions very weakly. there is a very little concentration of h+ and oh_ ions that we assume the concentration of water to be constant.

Question 11

Kw

Answer 11

Kw - [H+] [OH-]
UNIT OF KW IS MOL2 DM-6

Question 12

imp points on ionic product of water

Answer 12

1. value of kw is same in a solution at a given temperature.
2. the value of kw changes when the temperature changes
3. pure water has an equal concentration of h+ and oh - ions.
4. sp kw of pure water can be [H+]2

Question 13

equilibrium direction in strong acids and strong bases

Answer 13

forward reaction is favoured strongly as lots of H+ ions and OH- ions are produced.

Question 14

equilibrium direction in weak acids and weak bases

Answer 14

backward reaction is favoured only little h+ and oh- ions are produced.

Question 15

Ka or acid dissociation constant for weak acids

Answer 15

weak acids only dissociate slightly in aqueous solutions so we use this constant.

Question 16

assumptions for acid dissociation constant

Answer 16

1. only a small amount of weak acids dissociate so we assume that
   [HA(aq)] equilibrium = [HA(aq)] start
2. also we assume that dissociation of acid is greater than the dissociation of water present in the solution. we assume all h+ ions come from the acid.

[H+ (aq)] = [A-(aq)]