Acids and Bases Flashcards
What do acids taste like vs bases?
Acids- sour, bases- bitter
What do acids feel like vs bases?
Acids- watery, bases- slippery
What does the name of an acid end with?
acid
What does the name of a base end with?
hydroxide
What does the formula of an acid start with?
H
What does the formula of a base contain?
OH
What is the reactivity of both acids and bases?
High
Are acids and bases conductors?
Yes
How do acids bond?
Covalent
How do bases bond?
Ionic
What state are both acids and bases?
Solution (aq)
What does acids reacting with metals produce?
Hydrogen gas + whatever is left over
What does acids reacting with carbonates produce?
Carbon dioxide gas + whatever is left over
What are the two kinds of acids?
- Binary acids
- Oxyacids
What do the two kinds of acids both have in common?
All start with H
What do binary acids consist of (and don’t)?
two elements only, no oxygen
How are binary acids named?
Use prefix ‘hydro’, end with ‘ic’ and ‘acid’
What do oxyacids consist of?
More than two elements, oxygen, polyatomic ion group
How are oxyacids named?
Change ending from ‘ate’ to ‘ic’ and add acid
What are indicators?
Substances that change different colours in acids and bases
What does bromothymol blue turn in acids vs bases?
acids- yellow, bases- blue
What colour does phenolphthalein turn in acids vs bases?
Acids- colourless, bases- pink
What colour does litmus turn in acids vs bases?
Acids- red, bases- blue
What does the pH scale measure?
How acidic or basic a substance is
What numbers on the pH scale are considered acidic?
0-7
What numbers on the pH scale are considered basic?
7-14
What is 7 on the pH scale?
Neutral
What does neutral mean with acids and bases?
The concentration of H = the concentration of OH
What ions do acids release?
Hydrogen ions
What ions do bases release?
Hydroxide ions
What do acids and bases do to produce water and a salt?
Neutralize each other
What is a salt?
An ionic compound
What kind of reactions are neutralization reactions?
Double displacement reactions
