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G Chemistry > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Acid according to Arrhenius

A

Produces H+ ions when dissolved in water. SUBSTANCE THAT CAN NEUTRALIZE A BASE BY REACTING WITH OH-!

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2
Q

Acid Taste

A

Sour

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2
Q

Acid feeling

A

Prickly, stinging feeling

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2
Q

Acid effect on Litmus

A

Changes litmus color from blue to red.

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2
Q

Bases according to Arrhenius

A

Produces OH- ions when dissolved in water. SUBSTANCE THAT CAN NEUTRALIZE AN ACID BY REACTING WITH H+IONS!

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2
Q

Bases taste

A

Taste bitter

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2
Q

Bases feeling

A

Slippery, soapy feeling

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2
Q

Bases effect on litmu

A

Changes color from red to blue

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2
Q

Strong acids/bases vs weak/bases acids

A

Strong- completely ionizes (split into atoms)(100%) when dissolved in water

Weak - Doesn’t completely ionize (<100%) when dissolved in water

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2
Q

Strong acids

A
  1. HCl (Hydrochloric acid)
  2. HBr (hydrobromic acid)
  3. HI (hydroiodic acid)
  4. HNO3 (nitric acid)
  5. HClO4 (perchloric acid)
  6. H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid) (first H)
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3
Q

Strong Bases

A

LiOH (Lithium hydroxide)
NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide)
KOH (Potassium hydroxide)
RbOH (Rubidium hydroxide)
CsOH (Cesium hydroxide)
Ca(OH)2 (Calcium hydroxide)
Sr(OH)2 (Strontium hydroxide)
Ba(OH)2 (Barium hydroxide)

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4
Q

Acids and bases react with each other (Neutralization)

A
  1. an ionic compound (salt) is produced
  2. water is produced if the base contains hydroxide ions
  3. H+ from the acid combines with the OH- from the base
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5
Q

Strong acid + Strong base

A

H+ + OH- -> H2O

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6
Q

Strong acid + weak base

A

Example:
Overall eqation: HCl(aq) + NH3(aq) -> NH4Cl(aq)
Produces a salt, no water.

Total Ionic equation: H+(aq) + NH3(aq) -> NH4+(aq)
Remove Cl- from both sides since it is a spectator.

Strong acid/weak base always H+ + B -> HB+

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7
Q

Weak acid + Strong base

A

Example:
Overall equation: HF(aq) + KOH(aq) ->KF(aq) + H2O(l)
Salt + water.

Total Ionic equation: HF(aq) +OH-(aq)-> F-(aq) + H2O(l)
Remove K+ from both sides since it is a spectator.

Weak acid/strong base always: HX + OH- -> X- +H2O

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G Chemistry (13 decks)

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