Acids and Bases

Question 1

Properties of acids:

Answer 1

• Molecular compounds with H+ dissolved in water
• pH is <7
• Reacts with bases
• Tastes sour
• Turns blue litmus paper red
• Electrolyte
• Ionizes

Question 2

Properties of bases:

Answer 2

• Compounds with OH- when dissolved in water
• pH is >7
• Doesn’t react with metals
• Feels slippery
• Tastes bitter
• Turns red litmus paper blue
• Electrolyte
• Dissacociates

Question 3

Aqueous hydrogen _ide =

Answer 3

hydro _ic acid

Question 4

Aqueous hydrogen _ate =

Answer 4

_ic acid

Question 5

Aqueous hydrogen _ite =

Answer 5

_ous acid

Question 6

When do you use “ide”?

Answer 6

Group 17 elements (hydro _ic acid)

Question 7

When do you use “ate”?

Answer 7

Polyatomic compounds (_ic acid)

Question 8

When do you use “ite”?

Answer 8

Polyatomic compounds (_ous acid)

Question 9

Hydro _ic acid =

Answer 9

Aqueous hydrogen _ide

Question 10

_ic acid =

Answer 10

Aqueous hydrogen _ate

Question 11

_ous acid =

Answer 11

Aqueous hydrogen _ite =

Question 12

Neutralization:

Answer 12

Occurs between an acid and a base. Produces salt and water.

Question 13

What is considered salt in regards to neutralization?

Answer 13

A neutral ionic compound.

Question 14

Neutral molecular:

Answer 14

Doesn’t dissociate, non-electrolyte, no effect on litmus, pH = 7

Question 15

Neutral ionic:

Answer 15

Dissociates into ions, electrolyte, no effect on litmus, pH = 7

Question 16

Arrhenius Acid:

Answer 16

A substance that ionizes to produce H+

Question 17

Arrhenius Base:

Answer 17

A substance that dissociates to produce OH-

Question 18

Steps for writing modified Arrhenius equations for acids:

Answer 18

1. Write the acid reacting with water to produce H30+(aq)

2. Determine the other product

Question 19

Steps for writing modified Arrhenius equations for bases:

Answer 19

1. If ionic, split it into its ions and use the negative one
2. Write an equation showing the negative ion reacting with water to produce OH- ion
3. Determine the other product

Question 20

How do you show the equation of a weak acid/base?

Answer 20

With a double-sided arrow.

Question 21

What does a double-sided arrow mean?

Answer 21

The reaction is occurring back and forth.

Question 22

What are strong bases?

Answer 22

Include elements from groups 1 or 2, and an OH ion.

Question 23

pH means:

Answer 23

Power of hydrogen

Question 24

Explain the logarithms of the pH scale:

Answer 24

When the pH changes by 1, the concentration of hydrogen changes by 10 fold.

Question 25

Sig digs for pH:

Answer 25

Whatever’s after the decimal

Question 26

How do you calculate pH?

Answer 26

pH = -log [H30+(aq)]

Question 27

How do you calculate [H3O+(aq)]?

Answer 27

[H3O+(aq)] = 10^(-pH)

Question 28

How do you calculate pOH?

Answer 28

pOH = -log [OH-(aq)]

Question 29

How do you calculate [OH-(aq)]?

Answer 29

[OH-(aq)] = 10^(-pOH)

Question 30

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Answer 30

pH + pOH = 14

Question 31

Titrant:

Answer 31

A continuous, progressive addition of a solution from the buret to a precisely measured volume of a solution.

Question 32

Equivalence point:

Answer 32

Volume where the reaction is completed.

Question 33

Endpoint:

Answer 33

The pH at which a reaction is complete.

Question 34

Standard solution:

Answer 34

A solution with a known concentration that will not change.

Question 35

What must be included in a drawn graph?

Answer 35

Title, labelled axis’ with units, scale, and important points that are labelled.