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Chemistry > Acids & Alkalis + The Reactivity Series > Flashcards

Acids & Alkalis + The Reactivity Series Flashcards

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1
Q

Phenolphthalein colour change

A

Acid - colourless
Neutral - colourless
Alkali - colourless to pink

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2
Q

Methyl orange colour change

A

Acid - orange to red
Neutral - stays orange
Alkali - orange to yellow

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3
Q

Blue litmus colour change

A

Acid - blue to red
Neutral - blue
Alkali - blue

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4
Q

Red litmus colour change

A

Acid - red
Neutral - red
Alkali - red to blue

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5
Q

Litmus indicator colour change

A

Acid- red
Neutral - purple
Alkali - blue

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6
Q

Universal indicator colour change

A

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple

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7
Q

Hydrochloric acid formula

A

HCl

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8
Q

Nitric acid formula

A

HNO3

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9
Q

Sulfuric acid formula

A

H2SO4

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10
Q

Phosphoric acid formula

A

H3PO4

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11
Q

Ethanoic acid formula

A

CH3COOH

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12
Q

Sodium hydroxide formula

A

NaOH

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13
Q

Calcium hydroxide formula

A

Ca(OH)2

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14
Q

Ammonium hydroxide formula

A

NH4OH

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15
Q

Hydroxides and acids formula

A

Metal Hydroxide + Acid -> Salt + Water

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16
Q

Oxides and acids formula

A

Metal Oxide + Acid -> Salt + Water

17
Q

Carbonates and acids formula

A

Metal Carbonate + Acid -> Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water

18
Q

Metal reactions with water (reactivity series)

A

K
Na
Li
Ca
(reacts with cold water to produce hydroxides)

Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
(reacts with hot water or water vapour to form oxides)

Cu
Ag
Au
(no reaction)

19
Q

Metals and water formula

A

Metal + Water -> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

20
Q

Metals and steam formula

A

Metal + Steam -> Metal Oxide + Hydrogen

21
Q

Metals and acid formula

A

Metal + Acid -> Metal salt + Hydrogen

22
Q

Metal reactions with acids (reactivity series)

A

K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
(reaction)

Cu
Ag
Au
(no reaction)

23
Q

Metal reactions with oxygen (reactivity series)

A

K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
Cu
(react to form oxide)

Ag
Au
(no reaction)

24
Q

Metal and oxygen formula

A

Metal + Oxygen -> Metal Oxide

25
Q

Displacement reaction

A

Chemical reaction where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound

26
Q

Oxidation

A

Gain of oxygen or loss of electrons

27
Q

Reduction

A

Loss of oxygen or gain of electrons

28
Q

Oxidising agent

A

A substance that oxidises another substance and gets reduced in a reaction

29
Q

Reducing agent

A

A substance that reduces another substance and gets oxidised in a reaction

30
Q

Sacrificial protection

A

When a more reactive metal is attached to a less reactive metal and reacts instead of that metal.

31
Q

Galvanising

A

Coating a metal (e.g. steel) with a more reactive metal (e.g. zinc)

32
Q

Acids in an aqueous solution

A

Produce hydrogen ions (H+), which makes the solution acidic. They are proton donors.

33
Q

Alkalis in an aqueous solution

A

Produce hydroxide ions (OH-), which make solution alkaline. They are proton acceptors.

34
Q

Chlorides formula

A

Cl-

35
Q

Sulfates formula

A

SO42-

36
Q

Nitrates formula

A

NO3-

Chemistry (11 decks)

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