Acids & Alkalis + The Reactivity Series

Question 1

Phenolphthalein colour change

Answer 1

Acid - colourless
Neutral - colourless
Alkali - colourless to pink

Question 2

Methyl orange colour change

Answer 2

Acid - orange to red
Neutral - stays orange
Alkali - orange to yellow

Question 3

Blue litmus colour change

Answer 3

Acid - blue to red
Neutral - blue
Alkali - blue

Question 4

Red litmus colour change

Answer 4

Acid - red
Neutral - red
Alkali - red to blue

Question 5

Litmus indicator colour change

Answer 5

Acid- red
Neutral - purple
Alkali - blue

Question 6

Universal indicator colour change

Answer 6

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple

Question 7

Hydrochloric acid formula

Answer 7

HCl

Question 8

Nitric acid formula

Answer 8

HNO3

Question 9

Sulfuric acid formula

Answer 9

H2SO4

Question 10

Phosphoric acid formula

Answer 10

H3PO4

Question 11

Ethanoic acid formula

Answer 11

CH3COOH

Question 12

Sodium hydroxide formula

Answer 12

NaOH

Question 13

Calcium hydroxide formula

Answer 13

Ca(OH)2

Question 14

Ammonium hydroxide formula

Answer 14

NH4OH

Question 15

Hydroxides and acids formula

Answer 15

Metal Hydroxide + Acid -> Salt + Water

Question 16

Oxides and acids formula

Answer 16

Metal Oxide + Acid -> Salt + Water

Question 17

Carbonates and acids formula

Answer 17

Metal Carbonate + Acid -> Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 18

Metal reactions with water (reactivity series)

Answer 18

K
Na
Li
Ca
(reacts with cold water to produce hydroxides)

Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
(reacts with hot water or water vapour to form oxides)

Cu
Ag
Au
(no reaction)

Question 19

Metals and water formula

Answer 19

Metal + Water -> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Question 20

Metals and steam formula

Answer 20

Metal + Steam -> Metal Oxide + Hydrogen

Question 21

Metals and acid formula

Answer 21

Metal + Acid -> Metal salt + Hydrogen

Question 22

Metal reactions with acids (reactivity series)

Answer 22

K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
(reaction)

Cu
Ag
Au
(no reaction)

Question 23

Metal reactions with oxygen (reactivity series)

Answer 23

K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
Cu
(react to form oxide)

Ag
Au
(no reaction)

Question 24

Metal and oxygen formula

Answer 24

Metal + Oxygen -> Metal Oxide

Question 25

Displacement reaction

Answer 25

Chemical reaction where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound

Question 26

Oxidation

Answer 26

Gain of oxygen or loss of electrons

Question 27

Reduction

Answer 27

Loss of oxygen or gain of electrons

Question 28

Oxidising agent

Answer 28

A substance that oxidises another substance and gets reduced in a reaction

Question 29

Reducing agent

Answer 29

A substance that reduces another substance and gets oxidised in a reaction

Question 30

Sacrificial protection

Answer 30

When a more reactive metal is attached to a less reactive metal and reacts instead of that metal.

Question 31

Galvanising

Answer 31

Coating a metal (e.g. steel) with a more reactive metal (e.g. zinc)

Question 32

Acids in an aqueous solution

Answer 32

Produce hydrogen ions (H+), which makes the solution acidic. They are proton donors.

Question 33

Alkalis in an aqueous solution

Answer 33

Produce hydroxide ions (OH-), which make solution alkaline. They are proton acceptors.

Question 34

Chlorides formula

Answer 34

Cl-

Question 35

Sulfates formula

Answer 35

SO42-

Question 36

Nitrates formula

Answer 36

NO3-